Cannabis News
How to Grow Autoflowers from Seed to Harvest
Published
2 years agoon
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admin
Autoflowers are a highly robust species of cannabis that are renowned for their ability to flower without the reliance on light cycles. To grow autoflowers successfully, it’s important to understand the key factors that contribute to their growth and health. Whether it’s carefully implementing low-stress training techniques or selecting the right soil, there are many steps you can take to enhance your autoflower cultivation experience. From choosing the best strains for your environment to optimizing your light cycles, the secrets to successful autoflower growth are waiting to be uncovered.
What type of autoflower should I grow?
Autoflowering seeds come in a variety of strains, each offering its own unique appearance, effects, and yields. The three main types of cannabis strains are indica, sativa, and ruderalis. Indica strains are known for their relaxing, sedative effects and are often used for medicinal purposes. Sativa strains, on the other hand, are known for their uplifting and energetic effects and are commonly used for recreational purposes. Ruderalis strains, the wild ancestor of indica and sativa, are known for their hardy growth habits and fast flowering times (all autoflowering strains contain ruderalis genetics).
It’s important to understand the differences between these strains to make informed decisions about which type of autoflowering cannabis to grow. Indica strains tend to grow short and bushy, making them ideal for smaller growing spaces. Sativa strains, on the other hand, grow tall and thin, making them ideal for larger growing operations. Ruderalis strains are highly adaptable and can thrive in a range of conditions.
No matter which strains you choose, autoflowering cannabis is a versatile and convenient choice for gardeners of all levels. With their easy-to-grow nature and quick flowering times, autoflowering cannabis is the perfect addition to any gardener’s collection.
What are the best light cycles to grow autos?
To achieve optimal growth and yields with autoflowering strains it’s crucial to understand the importance of light cycles. A balanced regimen of light and darkness is essential, as it triggers the plant’s flowering and maturing processes. Generally, an 18-hour light cycle and a 6 hour dark cycle is recommended, with a gradual reduction of light towards the end of the flowering stage to promote bud development. However, autoflowers are unique in that they can thrive under either 18/6, 20/4 or even 24 hours of light. Experimenting with different light schedules may also be beneficial, depending on your particular strain and growing conditions. By providing your autoflowers with the right light cycles, you’ll be rewarded with a bountiful harvest of premium quality buds.
What type of soil should I use to grow autoflowers?
Cannabis is a complicated plant, if you want to achieve huge yields then just using whatever soil you have in your garden may not be the best idea. The key to a good soil is to make sure it has good drainage, is light and airy and full of natural nutrients. Soils containing compost, bat guano and worm castings are all excellent natural additives that provide a balanced and regular supply of organic nutrients to your cannabis plant. Soils that contain lots of clay will usually be too heavy and dense which can prevent the roots of a cannabis plant from expanding. If your soil is too dense you can amend it using things such as perlite and vermiculate to create pockets of air and improve drainage. It is also very important that you check the pH level of your soil, it should be between 6.0 and 7.0 although the perfect range is 5.8-6.2 so the closer you can get to this the better off your plants will be.
What kind of plant pots should I use for my autoflower grow?
Choosing the right containers for your plants is a critical decision. The type of pot you choose can impact root development, water retention, and overall plant health. A breathable material, such as fabric or plastic, is ideal for pots, as it allows for air to circulate and prevents water from becoming trapped. Additionally, choosing pots that are the appropriate size for your plants will ensure they have enough room for root growth and prevent any overcrowding. Consider using pots with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging and ensure that your plants receive adequate hydration. By carefully selecting the right pots, you’ll provide your autoflowers with the ideal environment to thrive and flourish.
What is the best way to germinate autoflowers?
To get the best possible germination rates it is best to pre germinate cannabis seeds before planting them in soil. There are various methods used to germinate seeds, possibly the most basic and successful way to do so is using paper towels. Here is a step-by-step approach of how to germinate cannabis seeds using the paper towel approach.
Soak the seeds in water: Place your autoflowering seeds in a bowl of warm water and let them soak for about 30 minutes.
Prepare the paper towels: Take two paper towels and moisten them with distilled water. Squeeze out any excess water so the towels are damp but not soaking wet.
Place the seeds on the paper towels: Arrange your soaked seeds on one of the damp paper towels and fold the other towel over them, sandwiching the seeds in between.
Store the paper towels: Place the paper towels with the seeds inside a plastic bag or a container with a lid. Make sure the container is kept in a warm and dark place.
Monitor the seeds: Check on the seeds every 12-24 hours and make sure the paper towels remain moist. If they start to dry out, mist them with water.
Germination: In about 24-48 hours, the seeds should start to germinate and you’ll see the roots starting to emerge. At this point, you can plant them in soil or rockwool cubes.
Grow: Once the seeds have germinated, keep them in a warm and bright place and make sure they receive enough water and nutrients. Your autoflowering plants will start to grow and flower on their own in a few weeks.
How long does it take for autoflowers to grow?
Growing weed can be divided into 3 main growth stages, seedling, vegetative and flowering. With each type of cannabis strain taking different amounts of time in each stage, how long it takes to grow weed varies from strain to strain. Autoflowering strains are known for their fast turnaround time from seed to harvest. Most autos will be ready to harvest in as little as 8-10 with some sativa dominant strains taking up to 12 weeks to finish. This speed makes them a popular choice for indoor growers with limited space, as well as outdoor growers who want to get multiple harvests in one season. The exact length of the growing cycle will depend on several factors, including the strain, the growing conditions, and the overall health of the plants. With proper care and attention, cultivators can often achieve healthy and abundant harvests in a relatively short period of time.
How to grow autoflowers during the seedling stage (weeks 0 – 1)
Growing autoflowering cannabis during the seedling stage requires careful attention to light, water, and temperature. Keep the seedlings in a warm and bright place, but away from direct sunlight. Ensure they receive adequate hydration, but don’t overwater, as this can lead to root rot. Provide a balanced source of nutrients to promote healthy growth, and be patient as your seedlings mature and establish strong root systems. With a little care and attention, you’ll be rewarded with thriving and robust autoflowering plants.
How to grow autoflowers during the vegetative stage (weeks 1 – 4)
The vegetative stage is an important time for the growth and development of your autoflowering cannabis plants. It is during the veg stage that a plant does most of its growing and builds its physical structure that will later be used to hold its buds. To ensure a successful harvest, it’s crucial to provide them with plenty of light and nutrients. Try using low-stress training techniques to encourage bushier growth and keep an eye on the plants’ height to prevent excessive stretching. Adequate water and air flow are also essential, so make sure the plants receive enough of both. With proper care and attention, your autoflowering plants will thrive during the vegetative stage and be well on their way to producing a bountiful harvest. As always, be patient and watch your plants grow and flourish with each passing day.
How to grow autoflowers during the flowering stage (weeks 4 – 10)
The flowering stage is the period when your autoflowers begin to bloom and produce those all-important buds. If you want to produce a high yielding autoflowering cannabis plant then it is important to provide them with the right light and nutrient levels during this stage. It is during the flowering period that a plant will start to produce bud, so it’s vital that you grow room has good air circulation and humidity levels to prevent mold and mildew from wreaking havoc on your grow. During the flowering stage you need to regularly check up on your plants and keep an eye out for any signs of mold, stress or pests. Any issues as this stage of the grow need to dealt with swiftly so that the plant can continue to focus as much of its energy to growing bud.
How and when to flush autoflowers
Flushing your cannabis grow is the process of removing any excess nutrients left stored within the plant before it is harvested. Not all growers flush their weed, for those of you using organic nutrients to grow then it isn’t necessary, but we feel it’s important for any growers using synthetic nutrients as it not only improves the taste but also removes any potentially harmful nutrients that have built up in the plant. It’s recommended to flush your cannabis plants with pH adjusted water 3-5 days before harvest to allow enough time for the excess nutrients to leach out of the soil. Flushing is an important step in the cultivation process and can help to improve the overall quality and taste of your weed.
How and when to feed autoflowers
Autoflowering plants should receive a balanced source of nutrients throughout their growth cycle, starting from the seedling stage. Gradually increase the nutrient levels as the plants mature, and adjust according to the plants’ needs. Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines, and avoid over-fertilization, which can lead to nutrient burn and harm the plants. Feed your autoflowering plants at regular intervals and monitor their growth closely to ensure they receive the proper nutrients for optimal health and growth.
How to increase autoflower yields
There are various methods that growers use to train autoflowers to increase yield, these methods are put into two categories, low stress training (LST) and high stress training (HST). LST training is best suited to autoflowers because it causes minimal stress to the plant and therefore disrupts its growth cycle much less than HST would. Low-Stress Training involves carefully bending and tying down the plants to encourage them to grow bushier and more evenly. Three common techniques include ScrOG (Screen of Green), SOG (Sea of Green), and the ‘Tie and Bend’ method. ScrOG involves using a screen to guide the plants, while SOG focuses on planting many small plants closely together. The ‘Tie and Bend’ method is a simple technique that involves tying down the branches and bending them downwards to promote a fuller, bushier growth. With a little care and attention, LST training can help you achieve a larger and more abundant harvest from your autoflowering plants.
Are autoflowers good for beginners?
Autoflowering strains are a great choice for novice growers because how easy they are to grow and how robust they are. Compared to photoperiods they require minimal attention, and their ability to flower automatically eliminates the need for adjusting light cycles. Autoflowers are also smaller in size and faster to flower which makes ideal for anyone growing indoors with limited space. However, it’s still essential to understand the basic requirements for growing cannabis, such as providing the proper light, nutrients, and growing conditions to ensure a successful harvest.
What is the average yield from an autoflower?
The average yield from an autoflowering cannabis plant varies depending on several factors, including the strain, growing conditions, and overall health of the plant. On average, indoor growers can expect a yield of around 4-6 ounces per plant, while outdoor growers may see yields of up to 12 ounces or more. With proper care and attention, experienced cultivators can often achieve higher yields from their autoflowers, especially with techniques such as LST training and providing the proper nutrients. Regardless of the yield, autoflowers are a popular choice for growers due to their ease of growing and relatively quick turnaround time from seed to harvest.
How often should you water autoflowers?
There isn’t a hard and fast rule on the frequency to which you should water cannabis plants. As you grow and become more experienced you will learn to gage when a plant needs more water from the look of the plant or feel of the soil. Its difficult to give an exact answer to how often a plant needs watering as it depends on a number of factors, including the size of the plant, the temperature and humidity in your grow area, and the soil moisture level. As a general rule, it’s recommended to water autoflowers when the top inch of soil is dry to the touch. Over-watering can be as damaging as under-watering, so it’s important to ensure proper drainage and avoid leaving the roots in standing water. It’s also a good idea to monitor the leaves for signs of stress or wilting, which can indicate the need for more frequent watering.
AUTOFLOWERS AND WEED, READ ON…
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HHC vs. Delta 9: Differences & Similarities
Published
1 day agoon
December 20, 2024By
admin
Cannabis has so many compounds, and two that have been making the rounds lately are HHC and Delta 9 THC. They’re not the same thing, even though they’re both cannabinoids that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system. Some people want a mild, steady experience, while others might be looking for something more intense. Understanding these two can help you figure out what’s right for you.
What Is HHC?
HHC, short for hexahydrocannabinol, is a hydrogenated version of THC. It’s not something you’d find naturally in large amounts in cannabis plants. Instead, it’s made through a process that adds hydrogen molecules to THC. The result? A more stable compound that’s less prone to breaking down when exposed to heat or UV light.
How HHC Is Made
Think of it like a science experiment. HHC is usually created in a lab by taking Delta 9 or Delta 8 THC and using hydrogenation—basically, combining it with hydrogen under pressure and in the presence of a catalyst. This process changes its structure while keeping its effects somewhat similar to THC.
Common Uses and Effects of HHC
People who use HHC say it’s somewhere between Delta 8 and Delta 9 in terms of effects. It’s often described as relaxing but without being overly sedative. You might feel a light buzz, reduced stress, or mild euphoria. Some even claim it helps with discomfort or improving sleep, but solid research is still catching up. Since it’s less potent than Delta 9, it’s often favored by those who want a manageable experience without the strong psychoactive punch.
If you’re interested in trying HHC and Delta 9 for yourself, check out their wide range of products at trycandycloud.com. They’ve got everything from gummies to disposable vapes, all crafted for a smooth experience.
What Is Delta 9 THC?
Delta 9 THC is the main psychoactive compound in cannabis. It’s the reason you feel “high” when you use weed. Chemically speaking, Delta 9 has a double bond in its ninth carbon chain, which plays a big role in how it interacts with your brain.
Natural Occurrence in Cannabis
This one is straightforward: Delta 9 is found in high concentrations in marijuana plants. It’s what most people think of when they hear “THC.” Unlike HHC, there’s no need for a lab process—it’s already there. Hemp plants, however, contain much lower levels of Delta 9 THC, which is why it’s primarily extracted from marijuana.
Common Uses and Effects of Delta 9 THC
The effects of Delta 9 are well-documented. Depending on the dose, you might feel euphoria, increased appetite, or deep relaxation. For medical users, it’s often used to manage chronic pain, nausea, and other conditions. It’s also been studied for its potential benefits in anxiety relief, though higher doses might have the opposite effect, causing paranoia. Delta 9 THC is versatile, but it’s not without its risks, particularly for new users or those sensitive to its psychoactive effects.
Key Differences Between HHC and Delta 9 THC
Chemical Structure and Composition
The main difference is in their structure. Delta 9 THC has that iconic double bond, while HHC’s hydrogenation makes it more stable. This difference might not mean much to the average person, but it’s why HHC is less likely to degrade over time.
Potency Levels
Delta 9 THC is generally more potent. HHC might require a higher dose to get a comparable effect, but some people prefer its lighter touch. Potency differences can also depend on the method of consumption, with edibles typically providing a stronger, longer-lasting effect compared to vaping or smoking.
Duration of Effects
Both last a few hours, but some users report that HHC’s effects fade more gradually. Delta 9, on the other hand, can have a sharper comedown. HHC’s gradual fade makes it appealing for those who want a smooth end to their experience.
Benefits and Drawbacks of HHC and Delta 9 THC
HHC: Pros and Cons
Pros:
- More stable, so it lasts longer on the shelf.
- Effects are milder, making it less overwhelming for beginners.
- Can be a functional option for daytime use.
Cons:
- Limited research, so we don’t know its full impact yet.
- Availability can be hit or miss depending on where you live.
- Legal gray area in many regions.
Delta 9 THC: Pros and Cons
Pros:
- Well-studied with established medical uses.
- Widely available in areas where cannabis is legal.
- Stronger effects make it ideal for experienced users or those with high tolerance.
Cons:
- Higher chance of side effects like anxiety.
- More likely to show up on drug tests.
- Shorter shelf life compared to HHC.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q. Is HHC safer than Delta 9 THC?
Not enough research exists to say definitively, but HHC’s milder effects might make it feel safer to some users.
Q. Will HHC or Delta 9 THC show up on a drug test?
Yes, both can potentially show up on a drug test, so use with caution if that’s a concern.
Q. Which one is better for recreational use?
That depends on your preferences. HHC is great for a mellow time, while Delta 9 is better if you’re looking for something more intense.
HHC vs. Delta 9: Choosing the Right One for You
The choice comes down to what you’re after. If you want a milder, more laid-back experience, HHC might be a good option. On the other hand, if you’re looking for something stronger or need it for medical reasons, Delta 9 is the way to go. It also depends on what’s legal and available where you are. And always consider your tolerance levels and experience before diving in. If you’re unsure, consult with a knowledgeable dispensary staff.
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What Federally Illegal Drug Has Created Almost $10 Billion in Sales Tax Revenue for States in the Last 40 Months?
Published
2 days agoon
December 20, 2024By
admin
In a significant development for the burgeoning cannabis industry, the U.S. Census Bureau has reported that states across the nation have collectively amassed over **$9.7 billion** in tax revenue from marijuana sales since mid-2021. This figure underscores the economic impact of legalized cannabis and highlights the growing acceptance of marijuana as both a recreational and medicinal substance in various states. As more states move toward legalization, the financial implications both positive and negative are becoming increasingly evident.
The Landscape of Cannabis Legalization
The journey toward cannabis legalization in the United States has been long and complex. Initially criminalized in the early 20th century, cannabis began to regain acceptance in the late 20th century, particularly for medical use. The first state to legalize medical marijuana was California in 1996, setting a precedent that many states would follow.
By 2012, Colorado and Washington became the first states to legalize recreational cannabis, paving the way for a wave of legalization efforts across the country. As of now, more than 20 states have legalized recreational marijuana, while over 30 states allow medical use. This shift reflects changing public attitudes toward cannabis and recognition of its potential benefits.
Economic Implications of Legalization
The legalization of cannabis has not only transformed social norms but has also created a substantial economic impact. States that have embraced legalization have seen significant increases in tax revenue, job creation, and investment opportunities.
According to the latest Census Bureau report, states like California, Colorado, Illinois, and Michigan have emerged as leaders in cannabis tax revenue generation. These states have implemented various tax structures on marijuana sales, including excise taxes, sales taxes, and local taxes. The revenue generated is often earmarked for essential public services such as education, healthcare, infrastructure improvements, and drug rehabilitation programs.
Breakdown of Tax Revenue by State
As the largest legal cannabis market in the United States, California has been at the forefront of marijuana tax revenue generation. Since mid-2021, California has contributed approximately $2.5 billion to state coffers from cannabis taxes. This revenue is derived from both recreational and medical marijuana sales.
California’s tax structure includes a 15% excise tax on retail sales, along with local taxes that can vary significantly by city and county. The state has allocated a portion of these funds to various programs aimed at addressing issues related to drug abuse and public health.
Colorado was one of the pioneers in cannabis legalization and continues to serve as a model for other states. Since mid-2021, Colorado has generated around $1.8 billion in tax revenue from marijuana sales. The state imposes a 15% excise tax on wholesale marijuana transactions and a 2.9% sales tax on retail sales.
The revenue generated from cannabis taxes has been instrumental in funding education initiatives through the Public School Fund, as well as supporting mental health programs and substance abuse treatment services.
Illinois has seen remarkable growth in its cannabis market since legalizing recreational use in January 2020. In just two years, Illinois has collected approximately $1 billion in tax revenue from marijuana sales. The state imposes a tiered excise tax based on the potency of the product, ranging from 10% to 25%.
The funds collected are allocated to various initiatives, including community reinvestment programs aimed at addressing social equity issues related to past drug enforcement practices.
Michigan’s cannabis market has also flourished since legalization. Since mid-2021, Michigan has generated about $700 million in tax revenue from marijuana sales. The state’s tax structure includes a 10% excise tax on recreational marijuana and a 6% sales tax.
The revenue is utilized for various purposes, including education funding and support for local governments impacted by legalization.
Broader Economic Impact
The legalization of cannabis has led to significant job creation across various sectors. According to industry reports, the legal cannabis market supports hundreds of thousands of jobs nationwide—from cultivation and processing to retail and distribution. As more states legalize marijuana, this trend is expected to continue.
With the growth of the legal cannabis industry comes increased investment opportunities. Entrepreneurs are entering the market at an unprecedented rate, leading to innovations in product development, marketing strategies, and distribution channels. This influx of investment not only benefits individual businesses but also stimulates local economies.
Social Equity Considerations
While the financial benefits of cannabis legalization are clear, it is essential to address social equity issues that arise alongside this new industry. Many states have recognized that communities disproportionately affected by past drug enforcement policies should benefit from legalization efforts.
States like Illinois have implemented community reinvestment programs that allocate a portion of cannabis tax revenues to support communities impacted by previous drug laws. These funds can be used for education initiatives, job training programs, and mental health services—aiming to rectify historical injustices associated with cannabis prohibition.
In addition to financial support for communities affected by past policies, some states are also working to create equitable licensing opportunities for individuals from those communities. By prioritizing applications from minority-owned businesses or those directly impacted by previous drug laws, states can foster a more inclusive cannabis industry.
Challenges Ahead
Despite the significant progress made through legalization efforts, challenges remain on both state and federal levels.
Federal Legalization Uncertainty
One major hurdle is the ongoing conflict between state and federal laws regarding cannabis. While many states have legalized marijuana for recreational or medical use, it remains classified as a Schedule I substance under federal law. This discrepancy creates complications for businesses operating legally at the state level but facing potential federal prosecution.
Efforts toward federal legalization or decriminalization have gained traction recently; however, progress remains slow due to political divisions and differing opinions on drug policy reform.
Regulatory Hurdles
As more states enter the legal cannabis market, regulatory frameworks must evolve to ensure consumer safety while promoting fair competition among businesses. States face challenges related to product testing standards, labeling requirements, advertising restrictions, and taxation policies that can impact market dynamics.
Conclusion
The U.S. Census Bureau reports that states have collected over $9.7 billion in marijuana tax revenue since mid-2021, highlighting the significant economic impact of cannabis legalization. As public acceptance grows, more states are likely to pursue legalization. Despite ongoing challenges, including federal regulations and social equity issues, legalized cannabis is poised to remain a vital part of state economies. Collaboration among government officials, business leaders, and community advocates will be essential for fostering an equitable and sustainable cannabis industry. This evolving landscape not only presents economic growth opportunities but also addresses historical injustices tied to drug policy enforcement, shaping the future of cannabis legislation in the U.S.
WHAT STATES HAVE THE HIGHEST WEED TAXES? READ ON…
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Oregon Cannabis: State of the State (2024)
Published
3 days agoon
December 19, 2024By
admin
Welcome the ninth annual “State of the State” post on Oregon cannabis. I feel like an old man. As compared to 2023, things this year were pretty mellow. That’s not to say, however, that we don’t have trends, intrigues, controversies, mysteries, etc., worth writing about. Let’s dive right in.
Sales and market data
According to OLCC data, retail sales between January 1, 2024 and November 30, 2024 clocked in at $881 million. That is remarkably consistent with 2023, where we saw $874 million over the same 11-month span. If things remain steady for the next couple of weeks, Oregon should avoid a third consecutive drop in annual sales.
Prices are also relatively static. The median price per gram in the extract/concentrate category was $15.83/gram in November, floating from $15.36 to $16.00 throughout the year. For “usable marijuana”, which includes dried flowers and leaves, prices fluctuated from $3.89/gram to $3.57/gram last month.
October saw Oregon’s largest METRC harvest, ever, with 5,733,288 pounds reported. I’m sure the illicit market had a bumper year too; weather is the same for everyone and the enforcement paradigm is static. Anyway, the October numbers equal 900,000 more pounds than the same month in 2023. Consumers may benefit, but that can’t be great for pricing.
As far as what people are actually buying at OLCC shops:
- 2% of purchases are for usable marijuana
- 25% are extracts/concentrates
- 7% are edibles/tinctures
- 10% are “inhalable product with non-cannabis additives”
- 4% is “other”; and
- 6% is industrial hemp commodity products.
Yes, that equals 100%. In 2023, I noted a “years-long trend of usable marijuana sales decreasing per capital in favor of other categories.” The trend continued in 2024 (usable marijuana sales dropped another 2.5% year over year). Last year, I wrote that “my impression is that near-term growth may be limited to select SKUs and product categories.” Still feel that way.
Licenses and licensing
Our years-long OLCC licensing moratorium was made permanent in 2024 (more on that below). Overall, license numbers declined marginally across the board. Here’s a table showing current numbers as compared to 2023, which I wrote “was the first year I saw license numbers fall since the 2016 roll-out of the adult use program.”
2024 | 2023 | Change | |
Producers | 1,375 | 1,389 | -14 |
Processors | 288 | 312 | -24 |
Wholesalers | 257 | 269 | -12 |
Retailers | 789 | 818 | -29 |
Labs | 13 | 15 | -2 |
Research | 1 | 1 | none |
It’s good to see numbers dropping, I suppose. Most would agree that we have too many licenses across all categories– except perhaps for labs and research. Expect numbers to continue on a modest downward trend in 2025.
Industry limping along
In the last few State of the State posts, I’ve talked about businesses struggling. We’re still helping people sell or even walk away from things we helped them buy not long ago. In 2023, the big liquidation story was the Chalice receivership. In 2024, insolvency and cannabis receivership actions are still a regular occurrence. The largest of 2024 was the Tumalo receivership, which we structured here in the office, and which remains ongoing. We’re working on a few others as well: some are voluntary, and others, well, not so much.
Consolidation is still a fact of life in Oregon cannabis, with larger operators opportunistically picking up assets, mostly at retail. A majority of buy/sell transactions, however, seem to involve new market entrants and naked licenses. In these deals, a seller will relinquish its rights to an OLCC license in favor of a replacement license for the buyer— sometimes at the same location and sometimes in a new spot. Pricing on these transactions, which are styled as asset purchase agreements, has remained steady in each license class. That said, pricing can be negotiable.
Most of the bigger players are still around. A couple of people have asked me how that could be the case with a chain like La Mota, whose legal issues metastasized into a statewide controversy, and resulted in unwelcome tax compliance rules for OLCC retailers. The answer is simple: La Mota probably reached a deal on payment plan with the Department of Revenue. Elsewhere, we haven’t seen anything to convince us, one way or the other, that OLCC is making an effort to treat small businesses the same as the larger operators— a problem area we highlighted in 2023. That said, let’s see what happens with the labs.
OLCC chasing testing labs on THC inflation
On September 25th, OLCC sent enforcement notices to seven testing laboratories. I explained at the time that OLCC had:
Propos[ed] license cancellation in some cases and suspension or fines in others. The notices center on alleged THC inflation, and extend back to instances identified in 2023. We only have eleven labs in Oregon accredited to do this mandatory work, so OLCC chasing seven of them is a big deal.
This saga is still ongoing, and none of these cases are resolved to my knowledge. For considered and lawyerly reasons, I’ll reserve further comment on this one, beyond all that I’ve already said.
New OLCC rules and legislative changes
Various rules took effect in 2024, due to legislative changes this spring and an initiative vote in the fall. Here are the four biggest developments for me, in chronological order:
Licensing Moratorium
Oregon finally made its licensing moratorium permanent, when Governor Kotek signed House Bill 4121 on March 20, 2024. This means the only way to acquire a cannabis license in Oregon is to find someone willing to sell. That will likely be the case forever, based on unreachable “new license triggers” in HB 4121, and the fact that the legislature won’t reverse this new law.
Hemp Vendor License Requirement
This one took effect July 1. At that time, I wrote that the rule was “very broad and likely to catch people off guard.” That proved to be the case in my experience, including with respect to OLCC— I ended up writing them on September 30 after stumbling across incorrect FAQs on the topic. My guess is that a large number of Oregon businesses are still unaware of the license requirement, and therefore not compliant, and that it doesn’t really matter because enforcement is sparse or nonexistent.
Labor Peace Agreements
This one has been a scramble, with many licensees having to find a way to comply on short notice. The short story is that due to Ballot Measure 119, which passed in November, all OLCC licensed retailers, processors and labs must provide a signed labor peace agreement (LPA) with a bona fide labor organization, to renew or apply for an OLCC license. I still believe BM 119 is legally problematic, but someone needs to challenge it to obviate the LPA requirement.
Presumptive Hemp Testing Rules
The Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) issued a temporary administrative order following on HB 4121, which defines presumptive marijuana under its testing rules, outlines procedures for marijuana disposal, and outlines violations of ODA hemp licensure more generally.
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We can expect to see more changes, as always, in 2025. OLCC is currently in rulemaking to implement HB 4121, to start. The 2025 legislative session next year is also a long one, lasting from January to June. I’ll write my usual session preview sometime in January, lest this post become extremely long. For now, the Cannabis Industry Alliance of Oregon (CIAO) has listed out is legislative priorities here.
Odds and ends
- 2024 must have been a welcome reprieve for OLCC, which remained mostly out of the spotlight after a trying year in 2023.
- Not much is going on with ODA and the hemp industry, beyond what I mentioned above.
- Shout-out to CIAO, which was organized and effective in its first full year as Oregon’s consolidated, cannabis trade group.
- Local cannabis banking is getting easier all the time. Most recently, we built out a cannabis banking program for Central Willamette Credit Union, the newest Oregon service provider.
- I’m still pessimistic about a federal cannabis banking bill, but I’m hopeful for federal rescheduling. A move for marijuana to Schedule III would do away with punitive tax code provision IRC § 280E – hopefully in calendar year 2024. That development would immediately increase margins for Oregon cannabis businesses, across the board.
- Also at the federal level, this was our last year with Earl Blumenauer, Congress’s greatest ever cannabis advocate.
Oregon cannabis: that’s a wrap
Let me know in the comments if you think I missed anything worth mentioning, or shoot me an email. There is always something. In the meantime, here’s hoping for smooth sailing for Oregon cannabis in 2025.
For previous posts in this series, check out the following:
HHC vs. Delta 9: Differences & Similarities
DOJ Asks Federal Court To Deny Doctors’ Lawsuit Over Marijuana Rescheduling Hearing To Avoid ‘Undue Delay’
What Federally Illegal Drug Has Created Almost $10 Billion in Sales Tax Revenue for States in the Last 40 Months?
Three Wise Men Give Marijuana Strain Gift Suggestions
Tasmanian Hemp Assoc Bids Goodbye To Australian Hemp Council
Teen Marijuana Use Continues To Drop With Legalization
The Best Cocktails To Make You Feel Festive
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