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Nighttime humidity is not a problem that needs to be vented away

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Night hours present a persistent and costly challenge for commercial greenhouse operators. When the thermal screens are closed and the ventilations are closed, the greenhouse is closed, trapping the moisture produced by the crop. This creates a high-stakes battle against condensation, disease and unnecessary energy loss. Amir Kandlik, B.Sc. Plant Science and Genetics in Agriculture and agronomist with Drygair explores the critical problem of nighttime humidity and explains the strategic shift from traditional ventilation-based control to a system built around active indoor dehumidification. “This ‘closed greenhouse’ approach improves energy efficiency and supports stronger crop health.”

© Drygair

Night challenge: Thermodynamic and pathological risk
“At night, plants continue to transpire even though photosynthesis has stopped. Without the drying effect of daytime conditions, the air mass in the greenhouse quickly approaches saturation,” says Amir. “Traditional methods rely on ventilation, but ventilation replaces warm, CO₂-rich air with cold outside air. This increases heating demand, destabilizes temperatures and can introduce more moisture, especially in humid weather.”

A variation of this, heating the air before it is vented, wastes energy because the air conditioner is blown out immediately. “In cold, rainy, or snowy conditions, ventilation becomes impossible and humidity increases unchecked. As relative humidity rises above 85 percent and temperatures drop, surface temperatures can drop below the dew point. Condensation then forms on leaves, fruit, and structural elements, creating conditions that promote Botrytis, powdery mildew, and powdery mildew.”

Solution: “Closed” paradigm with active dehumidification.
A more advanced strategy replaces night ventilation with active internal dehumidification, keeping the greenhouse closed. Amir explains that it starts when the unit pulls in moist air, cools it below its dew point and condenses the water vapor into liquid form. “The latent heat released by condensation is captured and recycled, heating the dry air before redistributing it throughout the cottage. Instead of losing heat to dryness, this method converts moisture into heat and creates a net positive energy cycle.”

© Drygair

Basic advantages of the closed night strategy
This approach improves disease prevention by maintaining a stable vapor pressure deficit and preventing dew formation. Keeping surfaces above the dew point significantly reduces disease pressure. Flower tests recorded a 98% reduction in Botrytis when relative humidity remained below 85%. Energy efficiency is also increased because the airfields remain closed and latent heat is recovered during dehumidification. Vegetable producers have reported energy savings of 50%.

“Climate uniformity is improved as constant air circulation removes microclimates, and sealed conditions store CO₂ for uptake at dawn,” says Amir. Crop quality and yield benefit from consistent transpiration and improved movement of nutrients and calcium. Basil had a 15 percent yield increase without downy mildew, and unheated tomato houses had a 25 percent higher yield per stem.

Practical settings for leaders
Adopting this strategy requires changing the operational logic, which is usually handled by a climate computer. “During the day, the vents are open and the natural ventilation manages the humidity, so the dehumidifiers are turned off. At night, when the outside temperature drops below the indoor set point, the vents and screens close, and the dehumidifier operates at an RH of about 75 to 80 percent. The priority is to maintain a dew point range of at least 2 degrees. While heating is used only for temperature stability, nighttime temperatures stay below 10 degrees Celsius. in regions with , an additional defrost coil is required for continuous operation.

Looking at the field results
Field studies show that flowers grown according to this strategy maintained lower relative humidity, achieved significant energy savings and did not require night ventilation. Basil trials showed a 15 percent increase in yield and zero downy mildew. Tomatoes and peppers have seen a 5 to 25 percent increase in yield and a 98 percent reduction in disease. Cannabis growers recorded 30 to 40 percent higher yields with about 50 percent energy savings.

Specific questions about geography and climate
In very cold climates, this view is especially good. Ventilating at minus 10 degrees Celsius creates an extreme heating load, and sealing the greenhouse and dehumidifying the interior retains heat, recovers latent heat and reduces boiler use. In hot and humid climates, night ventilation is unreliable during warm or rainy weather. Active dehumidification removes moisture in a controlled manner, and with additional Air-Water Heat Exchange, the system can heat or cool the air through an external water loop.

Supporting scientific and technical references
Research includes Elad and Shtienberg’s work on Botrytis cinerea, University of Massachusetts Extension greenhouse moisture reduction guidance, Stanghellini’s transpiration studies, and Ho and Adams’ work on water and nutrient uptake in tomatoes.

Without ventilation
“Nighttime humidity is not a problem to be banished, but an imbalance to be managed,” says Amir. “The closed greenhouse strategy treats moisture as an energy resource instead of a waste product. By keeping greenhouses closed at night and using active internal dehumidification, growers can reduce disease, improve energy efficiency, retain CO₂, stabilize the nighttime climate, and increase yield and crop quality. This is one of the most impactful changes in modern greenhouse climate management.”

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More than 100 growers and tech developers gathered at Innexo’s cannabis research facility

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Jorge Cervantes closed Innexo’s Acceleration Day with a review of genetics, a line of attendees waiting to sign copies of the Grower’s Bible, and a single sentence that puts everyone in the greenhouse within a bloodline. “We are descendants of this country, this room,” says Jorge. The forefathers he named were Nevil Schoenmakers and David Watson, the two breeders who took cannabis genetics beyond prohibition and built the foundation of every plant on the test bench. None of the seeds being scanned for spaceflight, none of the veggie-free trials, none of the triploids would exist without the work started by those two men, and the June 8 event is the clearest update of what got them off the ground.

© Innexo

© Innexo

The last Acceleration Day brought together more than 100 people and 60 companies in the greenhouse, coming from all over Europe and from Israel, Morocco, Turkey, Tasmania and Uruguay, the event started a few years ago with 20 people, in a free-for-all format.

Cannabis all day
Dominique van Gruisen, CEO and founder of Innexo, had breakfast and coffee before opening the program for the day. “We’re here to be that sandbox where LPs and tech developers can come together around the factory. That was my mission a couple of years ago,” says Dominique. “We started with 20 people at a free-for-all event, and now we’re at 100 people with an exclusive event. It’s a big leap.” The event spanned 12 hours for the first time, from morning to evening, which eased the pace rather than tightening it.

© Innexo

After the presentation, Xavier Gaya of Avitas Global took to the stage to explain why Avitas is working with Innexo and why it’s crucial that someone other than the host implements with LPs, then recited a poem to set the tone. They all dressed in white and went to the greenhouse to what Dominique calls the boutique network with the plant. “I don’t think there was a single person who didn’t talk to an LP or a tech developer,” says Dominique. “You see them coming together around common issues. Fluence joined Atami, Grodan wants to join Faven, you have these synergies in place that combine experience to move the industry forward.” Rehearsals on the tables became the connective tissue between people who would otherwise have stayed in their corners.

Xabier came in after the greenhouse session had already started. “I saw 60 to 70 people dressed in white from head to toe, looking at the different tests on the table. It seemed to me like a school project, and the person doing the experiment was next to explain,” says Xabier. “Everything was green, everything was dressed in white, it was a bit surreal to see.” His reading of the research is that of an operator, not a scientist. “I don’t like scientists who don’t push the envelope. If you have to do science, you have to push the envelope, and science has to be operationally useful,” says Xavier. What Avitas said taking the stage is that deployments need to live with LPs, not be locked within the walls of the host.

© Innexo

For the crops in the room, the trials were the reason they were there. Mendocino Mike, from Northern California, came online as much as to touch the plants. “As a grower, I was interested in the tests I saw, the no veg technique, the different lighting strategies, as well as networking the people in the rooms. It’s not just about shiny shoes,” Mendocino Mike says. “It was a group that looked after plants like that, that was the main takeaway.” He draws a hard line between the European standard and what he knows at home. “It’s so different from California. It’s just EU MMJ, the way we grow and cultivate it, and the bottom line we’re looking for. Here you have to pass very strict microbial tests. In California they’re lower because of the rec frame,” says Mike.

© Innexo

© Innexo

Oussama Badad, Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Growmics, Chief Scientific Officer of Trilogene Seeds and a Fulbright Fellow, has been following for two years now and uses the gap to measure the event against himself. “I came here last year, I came back this year, and I see the evolution. I have seen many new faces, and LPs which is very important for this event, to come to see these innovators on this platform, to support the cause,” says Oussama. “The quality of the talks this year, the technology, the sending of seeds into space, the testing of the Faven guys, you can see it with your own eyes.” What he values ​​is the curator. “Dominique was a great host. It’s a very well-organized event where you’re not running around meeting people, it just happens organically, so it’s effortless,” says Oussama. “You come where the research is done. We visited the lab this morning to see all the equipment.” His current reading is correct. “It’s time to strengthen, so it’s about getting the cool kids together and seeing what we can do with high standards,” Oussama says. “We’ve seen advances in other crops, so why not use that technology in cannabis?”

F1, triploids and space travel
The evening’s knowledge session went from borderline absurd to downright absurd, covering, as Dominique put it, spectral fingerprints, F1 hybrids, triploids and the project to send cannabis seeds into space. “It’s almost literally amazing that we can now send seeds into space, and mimic what the Chinese have successfully done with some crops,” says Dominique. “We have a global collective effort. Inexo does a spectral scan of the seeds before and after they are launched into space.” All participants went home with a 3D model of a cannabis plant attached to a QR code. “This technology alone will allow us to take cannabis from the 60s into the space age,” says Dominique.

© Innexo

© Innexo

© Innexo

Josh Goodman-Levy, who leads Dosatron’s hydroponic business outside of North America, attended his third Acceleration Day and weighed in on the conference circuit. “A lot of times you have consultants, sales professionals, it pays to play the whole thing, there’s more authenticity and culture at Innexo,” says Josh. “The improvement and quality of the event is evident every time I come. The speakers, the research, the networking, it’s really unique in the European market.”

For more information:
Innexo BV
innexo.nl

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California Marijuana Regulators Unveil New AI Tool To Prevent Product Packaging That May Appeal To Kids

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California cannabis regulators are rolling out a new AI tool to help companies identify marijuana product packaging that may be appealing to children in violation of state regulations.

The Department of Cannabis Control (DCC) announced Monday that licensees can now use the Cannabis Product Image Analyzer (CPIA), which was developed to prevent the marketing of potentially problematic packaging that violates the state statute by attracting minors.

Marijuana business licensees “may take a photo using their smartphone or mobile device, a screenshot or any other supported file format and upload it to the CPIA tool,” the DCC said. “The image will be analyzed and a summary of its findings will be provided.”

DCC said it will not store images uploaded to the CPIA database, or summaries of findings it produces. Rather, the goal is to “assist licensees in determining whether packaging or labeling may be attractive to children.”

This includes packaging and labels stating:

  • Images of minors or under 21s
  • Cartoons
  • Similar to images, characters or phrases commonly used to advertise to children
  • Images that are any imitation of candy wrappers or labeling and
  • Images containing the terms “Candy” or “Candy” or variations of the spelling such as “kandy” or “kandeez”

“CPIA uses artificial intelligence technology to review user-submitted images to identify issues that may indicate child appeal,” DCC. he said in a note “The CPIA has not identified all concerns that an image may raise, or that the Department may find appealing to children.”

Regulators stressed that licensees should not “rely on the output of the CPIA, which does not definitively establish whether advertising or marketing violates” state regulations. And if the tool finds that an uploaded image likely complies, that alone “does not prevent the Department or fact-finding in a disciplinary or administrative action from determining the uploaded image violates the regulations.”

“As artificial intelligence systems evolve, update or produce variable output, the CPIA assessment can change from day to day, even when the same image is reviewed. The quality, clarity, angle, light or integrity of an image uploaded by a user may affect the CPIA review and assessment. Users are solely responsible for ensuring that uploaded images accurately label products.”

Cannabis licensees are being encouraged to provide feedback on the AI ​​tool online survey.

California regulators have also approved emergency rule changes to the state’s marijuana licensing process. to make it easier for companies to receive benefits In line with the Trump administration’s latest move to federally regulate medical cannabis.

Additionally, a California Senate committee approved the Assembly-passed bill on Monday allow marijuana dealers to provide drive-thru windows to serve customers.

While Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) recently He took credit for helping lead the state’s push to legalize marijuana and discussed his limited experience with cannabis use.

In October, however, Newsom vetoed a bill that would have It allowed micro-marijuana companies to ship medicinal cannabis directly to patients Through common carriers like FedEx and UPS, he said the proposal would be “too burdensome and complex to manage.”

Newsom signed a bill earlier this month streamlining research into marijuana and psychedelics.

In September, the governor also signed a measure pause on the recent tax increase on marijuana products.

Separately, the state attorney general says Indian tribes cannot independently participate in the marijuana trade with licensed cannabis businesses without obtaining their own commercial license from state officials.

California officials have recently been rewarded nearly $30 million in grants for marijuana-focused academic research projects.

Marijuana Moment is made possible with the help of readers. If you rely on our pro-cannabis journalism to stay informed, consider a monthly Patreon pledge.

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We don’t really deal with a lot of mites because of our IPM program

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Flora Farms Pest Management Program it is built to reduce to nothing depending on the harvestso the plant ends up clean. Luke Allenbrand, Flora Farms’ crop leader, leads an integrated pest management program that focuses on prevention. “We don’t honestly deal with a lot of mites because of the IPM program, because of the predatory mites that we’ve put down as a precaution,” says Luke. “It allows us to have a much cleaner garden in the back half.” Preventative work keeps spray volumes relatively low because the curative side of the program rarely needs to be heavy.

“Actually, we are at the lowest number of these sprays that we have. The milliliters that we are using are numbers that do not exist to be a prevention,” says Luke. “But as soon as you see an uptick of those mites or anything, we bring it up to a therapeutic amount, which is still a small milliliter. And as long as you’re on a fast track with it, you see them disappear within 10 days.” The targets are spider mites, which feed on the plant’s THC and terpene production and degrade the flower.

© Flora Farms

Tested solutions
The three products used by the company are derived from agricultural and food use. “We actually apply about three insecticides that are very common around the agricultural and food grade of these products, using a suite of IPM, Venerate and Grandevo, insecticides that will deal with these mites,” says Luke. The application is intermittent rather than constant. “We usually use a 5-day spray cycle so we can have rest periods in between, so it’s not just a consistent density of that spray,” says Luke. He sees progress against mites in the gaps between the successions.

However, at some point, the spraying stops. “We finish the spray cycle by day 40. We usually don’t want to spray anywhere after day 40. At that point, you’re going to damage the product,” says Luke. “And at that point, we’ll put predatory mites in. It really helps us get to that final push point by day 59, 60 of that harvest. So we actually have a lot less of our spray in that late period. So it’s a much better tasting product.” Predatory mites take over the job of spraying, leaving nothing on the flower.

Biological control
Biological control has two forms. “We usually use them, they’re called crazy mites, and honestly, it’s crazy to see,” says Luke. “Actually, I’ve seen some of the ones in a close-up photo kill a bug, some of the cocoons actually drive away, and even attack the spider mites themselves. Very beneficial. Callias are also slow. They’re little bags that we hang on plants and they’re very beneficial to us.” Different predators work at different speeds, which is why the program runs more than one.

Missouri’s testing regime is the context in which growers operate. Each plant is tested for pest control chemicals and must pass before the product goes ahead. “Other crops and other black market shops or smoke shops in Missouri don’t have to worry about the testing we have to do,” Luke says. “Everything we use here is natural. Each of our pest management is a lot of essential oils that fight these mites. Everything we would put on a plant is food grade.” The test covers foreign chemicals, heavy metals, and anything else that an unregulated supply should never consider.

The whole arc is from biology to chemistry and back to biology. “We go from predatory mites to a food-grade spray regimen, and then back to predatory mites at the end. That way, these plants will have time to finish with no chemicals, nothing,” says Luke. “The rest of that life cycle, about 15 to 20 days, is the most natural it will have. No spraying at all during that, just to push predatory mites off that end, so there’s no residual mite damage on those plants.”

For more information:
Flower Farms
florafarmsmo.com

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