Dozens of legislatures across the United States are currently weighing how to regulate or ban kratom, a plant with mild opioid-like properties that’s indigenous to Southeast Asia. It’s used by people around the world who attest to its abilities to elevate mood, boost energy, relieve pain and—perhaps most crucially in an era of mass overdose deaths—treat symptoms of opioid withdrawal and sometimes replace opioids.
The flurry of state-level scrutiny follows efforts in recent years bythe Food and Drug Administration (FDA)and Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to ban the drug, which remains unregulated at the federal level.
A majority of states either have no current regulations or very limited rules, such as an age limit. Six states, however—Alabama, Arkansas, Indiana, Tennessee, Vermont and Wisconsin—already have kratom bans, as do a handful of local jurisdictions.
Some states have now proposed further bans on kratom products. Mississippi is one, although lawmakers there have seen multiple such bills fail in recent years. Louisiana lawmakers have also prefiled prohibition legislation.
For Mac Haddow, a lobbyist and senior fellow on public policy at the American Kratom Association, what could be a crisis is an opportunity. He’s confident that advocates can defeat the Louisiana bill, for one thing, and he can rattle off a laundry list of other bills in play around the country. He spoke to Filter from Vienna, Austria, where he was presenting at the United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs.
“It really comes down to your evaluation of a harm reduction tool. Other than that, it’s a freedom issue.”
In recent years, nearly 30 U.S. states have introduced or adopted kratom legislation, whether to ban kratom products outright or to more proactively regulate existing markets.