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What are Entheogens? – The Billion Dollar Bet on the Psychedelics Market

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What are Entheogens and why are they a human right?

Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status.

The concept of human rights was formally enshrined into the global system with the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948. This historic document outlined 30 articles that represent the foundational rights all human beings are inherently entitled to.

However, despite the UDHR’s recognition of the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, current international drug laws appear to violate these fundamental human rights. The criminalization and prohibition of certain substances, including those used in entheogenic practices, overrides an individual’s bodily autonomy and sovereignty over their own consciousness.

These subjective laws are often not based on scientific evidence of harm, but rather on political, social and cultural factors.

Entheogens are psychoactive substances, typically derived from plants or fungi, that are used in spiritual, religious or shamanic contexts to induce altered states of consciousness.

Examples include psilocybin mushrooms, ayahuasca, peyote, and iboga. Many indigenous cultures have used these substances in sacred medicinal and spiritual rituals for thousands of years. The word “entheogen” itself means “generating the divine within.”

The criminalization of entheogens and the plants/fungi they are derived from has not only violated the right to freedom of thought and religion, but has also led to the erosion of many indigenous cultural practices. Furthermore, the so-called “War on Drugs” has had devastating consequences, including mass incarceration, racial disparities in enforcement, and a failure to address addiction as a public health issue.

In this article, we will explore the history and cultural significance of entheogenic practices, the current state of drug laws, and how these laws conflict with the fundamental human rights outlined in the UDHR.

We will argue that cognitive liberty – the right to sovereignty over one’s own consciousness – is a basic human right, and that drug laws must be reformed to respect this. It is time to shift away from the criminalization paradigm and towards a rational, science-based, and compassionate approach to drug use and addiction that respects human rights.

The term “entheogen” is derived from two ancient Greek words: “entheos,” which means “full of the god, inspired, possessed,” and “genesthai,” which means “to come into being.” Put together, an entheogen is a substance that causes one to become inspired or to experience feelings of inspiration, often in a religious or “spiritual” context.

Entheogens have been used in virtually every culture and religion known to humankind. From the ancient Hindu Vedic texts describing the use of soma, to the Eleusinian Mysteries of ancient Greece, to the shamanic practices of indigenous peoples across the globe, these substances have played a profound role in human spirituality and culture.

In the modern Western context, entheogens are often associated with psychedelic substances like LSD, psilocybin mushrooms, and DMT.

However, the term entheogen is preferred by many who use these substances in a spiritual or religious context, as it emphasizes their potential for inducing mystical or transcendent experiences, rather than simply being used recreationally.

Despite their long history of cultural and religious use, many entheogens are currently illegal under international drug laws. This is a relatively recent phenomenon, with many of these substances only becoming illegal in the mid-20th century.

The reasons for their prohibition are complex and often political, rather than being based on any scientific assessment of their potential harms.

The idea that certain plants or fungi can be made illegal is, when you think about it, quite bizarre. If we accept the mainstream scientific view that humans evolved on this planet alongside these species, then we have coexisted with them for millennia. Many of the plants and fungi containing entheogenic compounds have been consumed by humans for thousands of years with no major detriment to society.

Furthermore, it’s important to note that it is not the plants or fungi themselves that are illegal, but rather the human act of possessing, cultivating, or consuming them.

The notion that a government can prohibit an individual from altering their own consciousness, especially in a spiritual or religious context, seems to fly in the face of basic human rights and cognitive liberty.

This is why the term “entheogen” is so important. By using this word, we acknowledge that these substances are not merely “drugs” used for recreation, but rather tools that have been used for millennia for spiritual and religious purposes. When we frame them in this context, it becomes clear that their prohibition is not only illogical but also an infringement on religious freedom and personal autonomy.

One of the key arguments put forth by those in favor of drug prohibition is that if we were to legalize cannabis and other entheogens, society would collapse. They paint a picture of widespread addiction, decreased productivity, and moral decay.

However, the recent legalization of cannabis in many jurisdictions has proven this narrative to be false. Society continues to function normally in these areas. In fact, some evidence suggests that there are positive outcomes associated with legalization, such as people reducing their use of pharmaceuticals and becoming more active and healthier.

It’s important to note that not all entheogens are the same. For example, the experience of consuming psilocybin mushrooms is vastly different from that of cannabis. However, this distinction is largely irrelevant when it comes to the question of legalization.

This is because the use of entheogens, regardless of their specific effects, is typically guided by the principle of “Set and Setting.”

“Set and Setting” is a term coined by psychedelic researcher Timothy Leary in the 1960s. It refers to the psychological, social, and cultural parameters that shape the response to psychedelic drugs. “Set” is the mental state a person brings to the experience, including their thoughts, mood and expectations.

“Setting” is the physical and social environment in which the drug is consumed. The idea is that the effects of a psychedelic drug are largely determined by these factors, rather than by the drug itself.

Those who choose to consume entheogens, whether in a spiritual, therapeutic, or recreational context, generally understand the importance of Set and Setting.

They recognize that these are powerful substances that should be used with intention, preparation, and care. This understanding mitigates many of the potential risks associated with entheogen use.

Moreover, even if entheogens were legal, it’s likely that many, if not most, people would still choose not to consume them. Personal beliefs, cultural norms, and individual preferences all play a role in shaping behavior.

We can see this with the legalization of cannabis – while some people felt more free to experiment, the majority of the population did not suddenly become regular cannabis users.

Historical and contemporary evidence suggests that those who wish to consume entheogens will find ways to do so regardless of their legal status. Conversely, those who have no interest in consuming these substances are unlikely to start simply because they are legal.

Therefore it’s safe to assume that even though legalization of entheogens might be “scary” for some, the truth is that the world won’t end and in fact, it might revolutionize society to become something better.

Those who engage in entheogenic practices often describe their experiences as “holistic,” reporting a profound sense of connection to all things on the planet. They speak of experiencing “universal love” and a deep sense of unity with all of existence.

This perspective shift, often referred to as the “entheogenic experience,” has the potential to dramatically alter the way individuals relate to themselves, others, and the world around them.

Imagine if just 10% of the global population adopted this concept of universal connectedness. It could lead to a significant reduction in violence, exploitation, and divisiveness.

After all, how can you harm or cheat that which you feel a deep, intrinsic connection to? Empathy, it seems, is a natural byproduct of entheogenic practices.

While highly subjective, many individuals who regularly engage in entheogenic practices report becoming less attached to political ideologies. They find themselves challenging their own prejudices and thinking outside of the rigid mental structures that often define our worldviews.

In neurological terms, these structures are literally hardwired into our brains as we strengthen certain neural networks through repetition and reinforcement.

Entheogens, on the other hand, seem to induce a state of heightened neuroplasticity, allowing individuals to break free from these “neural boxes” constructed by culture, habit, and conditioning. This flexibility of thought could be key in addressing many of the complex, systemic issues we face as a species.

Imagine a world where empathy, adaptability, and nuanced thinking are the norm. A world where political tribalism takes a backseat to universal human welfare. Where the needs and perspectives of all individuals, regardless of their background, are considered and incorporated into the fabric of society.

This is the kind of paradigm shift that widespread entheogenic practices could potentially catalyze.

A society built on these principles would be primed for unprecedented growth and evolution. It would be a society rooted in love, freedom, and the understanding that we are all interconnected.

While the widespread adoption of entheogenic practices is not a panacea, it could be a powerful tool in facilitating the kind of global consciousness shift that our species so desperately needs.

Of course, this vision is speculative and optimistic. Realizing it would require significant changes in our current legal, social, and cultural frameworks. But in a world increasingly fractured by division, inequality, and environmental destruction, it’s a vision worth considering.

Perhaps, by embracing the wisdom and potential of entheogenic practices, we can take a collective step towards a more empathetic, connected, and enlightened human future.

My goal with this article is to show you the insanity of drug laws. To show you that your use of LSD, Psilocybin and yes…cannabis…is a protected human right. I want to show you that despite legalization, most people will still not use it and finally, that perhaps, this path of entheogens could be the first domino to save humanity from greed, corruption, and hate.

You’re not a drug users – you’re a psychospiritual practitioner. Remember that always.

 

BIG PHARMA GETS ENTHEOGENS, READ ON…

PSYCHDELIC ENTHEOGENS BIG PHARMA

THE BIG PHARMA ENTHOEGENS REVOLUTION IS NOW HERE!

 



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California Appeals Court Rejects Marijuana Grow Permit, Citing Federal Illegality

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In a landmark decision that highlights the tension between state and federal cannabis laws, a California appellate court ruled on October 29th that property owners can refuse to allow the transportation of cannabis across their land via easements, even when the cannabis operation is approved by local authorities.

The Second District Court of Appeal’s unanimous decision draws attention to private property rights in a context where cannabis remains federally illegal, but state law allows licensed cultivation, distribution and sale. Presiding Justice Albert Gilbert stated, “No matter how much California voters and the Legislature might try, cannabis cultivation and transportation are illegal in California as long as it remains illegal under federal law.” JCCrandall LLC v. County of Santa Barbara, Case No. B333201, 2024 WL 4599304, Oct. 29, 2024.

Unless the California Supreme Court grants review – which I would not rule out – the decision empowers private property owners to refuse to contract with cannabis businesses, and restricts local government from approving cannabis operations that implicate the property rights of neighbors who object.

The case at hand

The dispute centered around a cannabis cultivation operation in Santa Barbara County, where JCCrandall LLC challenged a conditional use permit granted by the County to its neighbor, Santa Rita Holdings Inc. The critical issue was that Santa Rita Holdings could only access its 2.5-acre cannabis farm via an unpaved road crossing JCCrandall’s property through a pre-existing easement. JCCrandall grows oats and barley.

JCCrandall’s primary concern? It raised a number of complaints with the Santa Barbara County Supervisors about truck traffic and night operations, which did not gain traction, but in the Court of Appeal JCCrandall focused on what it claimed was potential liability associated with having federally illegal substances transported across its property, even though County regulators found that the Santa Rita operation was fully compliant with state and local laws.

Key legal findings

The appellate court’s decision hinged on several crucial points:

  1. Property Rights: The court emphasized that “the right to exclude others is the essence of the right of property ownership” and classified it as a fundamental vested right.
  2. Federal Supremacy: The panel determined that allowing cannabis transportation across private property “defies the Supremacy Clause” of the U.S. Constitution.
  3. State vs. Federal Law: While cannabis might be legal under California law, the court ruled that federal law’s prohibition takes precedence in this context.

California cannabis industry implications

Legal experts suggest this ruling could have far-reaching consequences for California’s cannabis industry. Section 1550.5(b) of the California Civil Code makes contracts within California involving cannabis lawful and enforceable, and Santa Rita Holdings bet the ranch on that argument. But the Court of Appeal held that the statute could not compel a landowner to allow cannabis to travel across its property on a pre-existing easement. Licensed operators may find it harder to do business because neighbors who have property rights affected by a cannabis business can object, and, under the JCCrandall ruling, local government must yield to those objections.

An example might be a cannabis dispensary that depends on access to its parking lot via an easement or is located in a shopping center where other lessees have rights to object to tenants notwithstanding the approval of the landlord. In cultivation, many cannabis farms depend on vehicular access through easements because they are remote and do not always have direct access to public thoroughfares, or they depend on water sourced from other properties pursuant to agreements made by prior owners who grew traditional crops. These neighbors might not need to show any negative impact on their property, but can argue that they could be found complicit in federally illegal activities.

I think the most problematic language in the JCCrandall ruling is the following, which might draw the attention of the California Supreme Court and cause it to grant review: “For as long as an easement is enjoyed, its mode and manner of use shall remain substantially the same as it was at the time the easement was created. The County argues the easement was used for agricultural purposes. But there is a vast difference between legal and illegal agricultural purposes.” (Emphasis added.) If California has determined that cannabis cultivation is legal – as it has – and state courts routinely enforce contracts involving cannabis, it is a pretty bold step to declare the use of a lawful pre-existing easement illegal simply because the agricultural crop is cannabis and take away easement access from Santa Rita.

Looking ahead

This decision creates new challenges for cannabis businesses in California, and will result in more disputes among neighbors. While the Biden administration has shown signs of easing federal marijuana restrictions, this ruling demonstrates that the federal-state law conflict continues to create significant legal hurdles for the cannabis industry.

California court decisions also can be persuasive authority in other states, so we might see similar litigation (and decisions) elsewhere in the country where cannabis has been legalized.

The case serves as a reminder that despite California’s progressive stance on cannabis, federal prohibition continues to cast a long shadow over the industry’s operations and development. As the cannabis landscape continues to evolve, this ruling may prompt businesses to reassess their property arrangements and local governments will certainly have to reconsider their permitting processes to give more careful consideration to objections by neighbors who claim that their property rights are implicated by cannabis operations.

Note: This post was first published earlier this month on the Alger ADR Blog.



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Autoimmune Conditions Are Rising Fast in American Medicine, Can Cannabis Help?

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Why Are Autoimmune Conditions On The Rise? And How Cannabis Can Help

 

Autoimmune diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that occur as a result of the immune system attacking your own tissues.

 

In a normal human body, the immune system is responsible for protecting the body by producing antibodies that prevent toxins, cancer cells, and viruses from harming the body. However, when one is struck by an autoimmune disorder, the immune system is no longer able to distinguish the difference between dangerous cells and healthy cells. As a result, the healthy cells are attacked, too.

Today, we know of around 100 different kinds of autoimmune conditions. Some of the most common examples of autoimmune conditions include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lupus, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, Type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis (MS), and the Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) to name a few. Others include Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, psoriasis, and vasculitis.

 

According to the National Health Council, around 50 million Americans are affected by autoimmune diseases today. This is a conservative estimate, considering that several autoimmune conditions are tricky to treat and so many people go undiagnosed for long periods of time. It’s worrisome to note that there are more people developing autoimmune diseases these days, many of which have reached levels comparable to epidemics.

 

But cannabis can help!

 

How Cannabis Can Help Curb And Manage Autoimmune Diseases

 

Not one single cause is responsible for the alarming growth of autoimmune diseases, though there are several factors at play. While there isn’t just one cause we can point at, it’s certain the reasons lie in our environment. After all, human genetics haven’t changed significantly yet the chemicals, toxins, and pollutants in our food and everyday items have risen dramatically.

 

In addition, people are getting less sleep than ever; stress rates are through the roof, and people are constantly worried. There is a clear link between psychological stress and physical health as well as immunity, which is why it isn’t unusual – it’s even common – to see many autoimmune disease cases flare up after people experience severe stress caused by grief, an accident, job loss, or the death of a loved one. These highly stressful and traumatic conditions wreak havoc on the body’s immune response, causing inflammation all over the body.

 

Conventional treatments prescribed to treat autoimmune conditions are focused on taming inflammation; these usually include steroids but also some non-steroidal drugs. These drugs often come with unwanted side effects, but research has shown that cannabis can work with the endocannabinoid system through THC and CBD, as well as other cannabinoids, to simulate similar results. In one study for example, we can see the clear association of the endocannabinoid system for neurodegenerative and inflammatory processes seen in Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.


There has also been an increasing number of studies proving the efficacy of cannabis for treating several autoimmune conditions.

 

Cannabis For Multiple Sclerosis

 

Multiple sclerosis is one of the autoimmune conditions where a growing number of studies have come out supporting the therapeutic benefits of cannabis for. In a 2024 study, patients with multiple sclerosis reported several improvements in quality of life after using cannabis-based medical products (CBMPs). For the study, British investigators analyzed the impact of cannabis based medicinal products made from either oil or extracts in 141 patients who were enrolled in the UK Medical Cannabis Registry.

 

The researchers then analyzed the changes in patient outcomes after a month, then three and 6 months after. According to the patients themselves, they were able to sustain improvements in their mental and physical health after marijuana therapy.

 

“This case series demonstrates a potential association between the initiation of CBMPs and improved patient reported outcomes in sleep, anxiety, and general HRQoL [health-related quality of life] measures, over six months,” said the study authors. “Additional measures for HRQoL, including various physical and mental health subdomains, also exhibit improvements up to six months when compared to baseline,” the authors concluded.

 

In another study from 2023, patients with multiple sclerosis reported significant improvements in symptoms after cannabis use. For the study, researchers from the Dent Neurologic Institute in Buffalo, New York, analyzed the medical records of 141 patients with multiple sclerosis, who were also legally authorized to consume medical marijuana products. They then analyzed data from the patients after one up to 4 follow-up sessions after the initial session of cannabis therapy. Sixty-five percent of patients consumed 1:1 THC:CBD tinctures.

 

According to the authors: “The results of this study indicate that use of MC [medical cannabis] to alleviate symptoms of MS is largely efficacious, with improvement in pain (72 percent of patients), muscle spasticity (48 percent of patients), and sleep disturbance (40 percent of patients) frequently reported.”

 

“More than half of opioid users at baseline were able to either discontinue or decrease their opioid use after starting MC. The mean daily MME [morphine milligram equivalents] was significantly reduced from the initial visit (51 mg) to the last follow-up visit (40 mg). This is consistent with previous literature showing that MC legalization is associated with decreased opioid use and that MC use is associated with decreased opioid use in patients with chronic pain. These findings indicate that MC may represent an alternative analgesic to opioids for some patients,” they wrote. 

 

Anecdotal Evidence

 

While more studies are needed to determine cannabis’ effect on other autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, we can rely on anecdotal evidence. In 2020, data from the medical journal, Rheumatology, revealed that patients who have this condition, along with those who have lupus and fibromyalgia, consume cannabis.

 

In fact, it was reported that marijuana was extremely common especially for patients with fibromyalgia. “In this meta-analysis, we found that one in six patients suffering from rheumatologic disease actively consumes cannabis, reducing pain reduction… A favorable effect of cannabis on pain in our meta-analysis reinforces the idea that cannabis could be used for analgesic purposes,” the authors concluded.

 

Conclusion

Cannabis is a safe and natural way to help prevent and treat the symptoms of autoimmune disease. It targets inflammation at its root, and is a proven natural way to help cope with stress, pain, insomnia, and inflammation all while protecting the brain. However, it’s important to ensure you medicate with clean, organic sources of marijuana.

 

AUTOIMMUNE AND CANNABIS, READ ON…

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES THAT CANNABIS CAN HELP

CANNABIS FOR 9 DIFFERENT AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES!



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Hemp and the New Senate Farm Bill

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The U.S. Senate’s version of the Farm Bill finally landed this week. They’re calling it the Rural Prosperity and Food Security Act of 2024 (the “Senate bill”). The Senate bill follows on the House’s proposal, called the Farm, Food and National Security Act of 2024 (the “House bill”), offered in May. Neither the Senate bill nor the House bill would preempt state or Indian law regarding hemp or the regulation of hemp products. This means states and tribes will retain a lot of latitude in regulating hemp and hemp-derived products– which gets people fired up.

Aside from giving states some runway, the Senate bill and the House bill differ in key respects regarding hemp. Therefore, these august bodies must confer and reconcile their sundry proposals. That could happen in 2024, but seems more likely in 2025 when the new Congress convenes. As of this week, though, we finally have a framework.

The Senate Bill re-defines “hemp” and defines “industrial hemp”

Section 10016 of the Senate bill (“Hemp Production”) amends the definition of “hemp.” Hemp was defined in the 2018 Farm Bill and removed from the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA), taking us on a truly wild ride. See: What Happened to Hemp? (“What Happened”). The Senate bill also gives us a definition for “industrial hemp.” Here are those definitions, with points of emphasis in bold:

(1) Hemp. The term “hemp” means (A) the plant Cannabis sativa L. and any part of that plant, including the seeds thereof and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a delta-9 total tetrahydrocannabinol concentration (including tetrahydrocannabinolic acid) of not more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis; and (B) industrial hemp.

(3) Industrial Hemp. The term “industrial hemp” means the plant Cannabis sativa L. if the harvested material (A) is only (i) the stalks of that plant, fiber produced from those stalks, or any other manufactured product, derivative, mixture, or preparation of those stalks (except cannabinoid resin extracted from those stalks); (ii) whole grain, oil, cake, nut, hull, or any other compound, manufactured product, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the seeds of that plant (except cannabinoid resin extracted from the seeds of that plant); or (iii) viable seeds of that plant produced solely for production or manufacture of any material described in clause (i) or (ii); and (B) will not be used in the manufacturing or synthesis of natural or synthetic cannabinoid products.

The new regime

Again, the definitional stuff in bold is what I want to emphasize.

First, the Senate bill keeps the THC threshold at 0.3 percent, which is an arbitrary number we’ve been advocating against for years. The Senate bill mirrors the House bill in this respect, though, so we are stuck with this, unless Ron Paul gets his way.

Second, the Senate bill keeps the 2018 Farm Bill’s total THC standard, including THCA. The House bill does this too. This was fairly predictable: in What Happened, I wrote that we could “expect the total THC standard to remain, which means that actual Delta-9 THC won’t be the only metric for calculating THC content.”

We’ve also explained on this blog that the 2018 Farm Bill and USDA rules mandate total THC testing on pre-harvest hemp batches, but do not mandate such testing on post-harvest hemp or hemp products. The Senate bill doesn’t change this paradigm, which means the “loophole” for gas station weed remains open. This proposal is a big win for opponents of the House bill’s “Miller Amendment,” which would narrow the definition of “hemp” to exclude intoxicating hemp-derived substances.

Third, the Senate bill introduces a new definition and framework for industrial hemp. The House bill does this too, albeit slightly differently. The idea here is to invite farmers to grow hemp for fiber and grain purposes, while freeing them from regulatory burdens with the Department of Agriculture and criminal exposure with the Department of Justice. More specifically, for “industrial hemp” growers, the Senate bill:

  • removes background check requirements;
  • instates “relaxed regulatory requirements” for sampling and inspection methodologies (which will need to be adopted by rule); and
  • develops a certified seed program. 

The Senate bill also makes any hemp producer ineligible to grow hemp for five years if that producer, “with a culpable mental state greater than negligence, produces a crop of hemp that is inconsistent with that license.”(Hint: use the seed program.) The proof standard here seems like it could be an issue, and even if anyone has been adjudicated as growing marijuana under the guise of hemp, Farm Bill ineligibility seems like a far-off concern.

Bottom line

The big takeaway for me is that the Senate bill leaves the door open for intoxicating hemp products, whereas the Miller Amendment to the House bill does not. Something’s gotta give. And it needs to happen soon, because we’re already long overdue. As I explained in a webinar last week, the Farm Bill deals with the nation’s entire food supply, not just hemp. Therefore, this is not like with the SAFE Banking Act, where we have a proposed law specific to cannabis that may or may not ever pass. The Farm Bill must pass, and soon.

Stay tuned and we’ll keep you updated on any major happenings. For more on this topic, check out our massive hemp and CBD archive, or these specific, recent posts:



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