Cannabis News
Your Cannabis Plants Are Ready for Harvest, What Are the First 5 Things You Should Do?
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1 year agoon
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Harvest is undeniably the most crucial stage in the journey of marijuana products, be it flowers, oils, or any other form, before they reach consumers. However, achieving the best crop condition before the harvest involves extensive planning and pre-harvest preparations. This preparation applies to indoor, greenhouse, and outdoor cultivation, each presenting unique challenges.
Indoor cultivation is perceived as the most controlled environment, but problems can quickly escalate if cultivators must meticulously plan and diligently monitor their crops to keep them on track.
Nic Robertson, Massachusetts’s vice president of operations for the multistate operator 4Front Ventures, emphasises the significance of setting targets for each step in the plants’ day-to-day life span. All their schedules revolve around a well-planned harvest schedule. Meeting the production goals relies on precise testing, harvesting, and transplanting timing.
There is some flexibility to adjust schedules to achieve the best flower quality. However, any changes must consider the potential impacts on cannabis plants, as no decision is isolated from the overall scheduling.
Ryan Cook, the executive vice president of operations at Jushi Holdings in Florida, agrees that thorough planning and preparation are the keys to a successful harvest day. The front-end work minimises subjective decision-making during the harvest.
Cultivators who plan their indoor harvests well in advance follow various commonalities to ensure success, such as adjusting lighting, temperature, humidity, nutrients, watering, flushing, and defoliation.
The specific adjustments depend on the cultivation environment’s characteristics, including the size of the growing room, plant canopy, strains being grown, HVAC system type, and lights used. Growers must figure out the best pre-harvest tactics in their respective setups.
Lighting
Indoor cannabis cultivators frequently make pre-harvest adjustments to the intensity and spectrum of light.
During the initial week of the flowering phase, Jushi begins with an LED light intensity of 700 micromoles (a unit used to measure brightness).
As the plants progress to week three of flowering, the cultivation team moves the lights closer to the canopy by about 10 to 12 inches, increasing the micromoles to a range of 1,000 to 1,400, as reported by Josh Malman, Jushi’s vice president of cultivation.
They maintain this light intensity level until the final week of flowering when the light intensity is returned to 700 micromoles. This adjustment helps lower the canopy temperature and preserves the terpenes from volatilising off towards the end of the cycle.
Additionally, some growers prefer to expose their plants to extra red light. By incorporating a few minutes of red-spectrum light daily, they alter the typical flower-phase light cycle of 12 hours for light and darkness to a cycle of around 13 hours of light and 11 hours of darkness.
According to some cultivators, this supplementary light increases yields and promotes a richer cannabinoid and terpene profile.
Heat and humidity
As harvest approaches, indoor cannabis growers adjust temperature and humidity levels to initiate the drying-out process of the plants. Lowering moisture content helps preserve terpenes and prevents microbial contamination, which is more common in the late flowering phase when the plants are near full maturity.
Lowering temperatures towards the end of the flowering phase can improve flower quality by mimicking cooler fall temperatures. This causes buds to tighten up, becoming denser, which is desirable for the final product. However, growers must be cautious not to let the room get too cold, as it may promote mould and pathogenic growth due to increased moisture in the air.
In the final weeks before harvest, maintaining temperatures around 72 degrees Fahrenheit and reducing humidity to 40%-45% is recommended by some cultivators. Others gradually lower temperatures from the high 70s during the early weeks of flowering to the low 70s. These adjustments can enhance the production of anthocyanins, responsible for the purple and red pigments in certain cannabis strains.
Cultivators can carefully manage temperature and humidity levels to optimise flower quality and preserve valuable terpenes while minimising the risk of microbial contamination.
Nutrients
As harvest approaches, cultivators significantly change their nutrient usage for cannabis plants. Nitrogen is the most crucial nutrient that influences the plant’s growth at any stage. Cultivators begin to reduce nitrogen inputs about halfway through the flowering cycle to ensure proper development and focus the plant’s energy in the right places.
At 4Front, growers anticipate harvest and adjust the nutrient balance to direct the plant’s energy toward bud, resin, and cannabinoid production. As nitrogen decreases, phosphorus and potassium levels increase to maintain a favorable nutrient balance. These three major nutrients, N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), and K (potassium), play a vital role in the plant’s growth and development.
However, it’s essential to exercise caution when reducing nitrogen too early, as it may lead to premature senescence (deterioration) of leaves, potentially creating risks of microbial or bacterial fungal issues, as warned by Cook from Jushi. Striking the right balance of nutrients is crucial to ensure a successful and healthy harvest.
Watering and flushing
Watering and flushing the cannabis plant of nutrients are critical parts of pre-harvest preparation. Flushing typically occurs in the last week or days leading up to harvest, aiming to remove excess nutrients that might negatively impact the taste and burning quality of the flower.
While the nutrient regimen naturally tapers as the crop cycle progresses, growers like Malman emphasise the importance of continuing nutrient supply until close to the end. Stopping food too early can lead to the plant’s decline, causing natural senescence in the flowers and leaves and posing risks for detritus. The last three to five days are reserved for rest, as growth is minimal during that time.
As harvest approaches and flushing begins, monitoring the plant’s moisture content becomes crucial. Older plants don’t drink at the same pace, so adjustments in watering are necessary to maintain the right balance. Jushi implements sensors in rock wool and coco cubes connected to the grow’s fertigation systems for precise monitoring. In less advanced facilities, handheld moisture meters determine appropriate water reductions before harvest.
Finding the right balance is essential during flushing, as overwatering can be problematic, especially when trying to achieve flushing. Heavy flushing can stress the plant and introduce excess moisture, leading to potential issues. When plants are correctly fed throughout their life spans, the need for heavy flushing is reduced, preventing excessive water usage and potential root-related problems.
The goal during flushing is to achieve a balanced approach that doesn’t compromise the flower’s aroma, colour, or overall quality. Growers can ensure a successful and healthy harvest by implementing the right techniques.
Bottom Line
Pre-harvest preparations are essential for indoor marijuana cultivators to achieve successful and high-quality harvests. Adjustments in lighting, temperature, humidity, nutrients, and watering are critical in optimising plant growth and preserving valuable terpenes. Thorough planning and meticulous monitoring throughout the cultivation cycle ensure that cannabis products meet consumers’ expectations and deliver the desired taste and quality. By following these pre-harvest tips, cultivators can maximise yields, enhance cannabinoid profiles, and produce top-notch cannabis products for the market.
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Latest Trump Weed Rumor – Trump Will Federally Deschedule and Decriminalize Cannabis, but Not Legalize It
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November 14, 2024By
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In a recent interview, former New Jersey Governor Chris Christie made headlines by asserting that President-elect Donald Trump will pursue significant reforms in federal policies regarding marijuana and cryptocurrency. As the nation grapples with evolving attitudes toward cannabis and the burgeoning digital currency market, Christie’s predictions have ignited discussions about the potential implications of such changes on both industries. This article delves into Christie’s insights, the current state of marijuana and cryptocurrency regulations, and the broader implications of these anticipated reforms.
The Current Landscape of Marijuana Legislation
Federal vs. State Laws
Marijuana remains classified as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), which places it in the same category as heroin and LSD. This classification has created a complex legal landscape where states have moved to legalize cannabis for medical and recreational use, while federal law continues to impose strict prohibitions. As of now, over 30 states have legalized marijuana in some form, leading to a burgeoning industry that generates billions in revenue.
Challenges Faced by the Cannabis Industry
Despite its legality in many states, the cannabis industry faces significant hurdles due to federal restrictions. These challenges include:
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Banking Access: Many banks are hesitant to work with cannabis businesses due to fear of federal repercussions, forcing these businesses to operate largely in cash.
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Taxation Issues: The IRS enforces Section 280E of the tax code, which prohibits businesses engaged in illegal activities from deducting normal business expenses, leading to disproportionately high tax burdens for cannabis companies.
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Interstate Commerce: The lack of federal legalization prevents cannabis businesses from operating across state lines, limiting their growth potential.
Chris Christie’s Perspective on Marijuana Reform
Christie, a former presidential candidate known for his tough stance on drugs during his tenure as governor, has evolved his views on marijuana over the years. In his recent statements, he emphasized that Trump is likely to pursue descheduling cannabis, which would remove it from the Schedule I classification. This move would not only provide clarity for businesses operating in legal markets but also open avenues for banking and investment.
Christie highlighted that descheduling would allow for a more regulated market where safety standards could be established, thus protecting consumers. He believes that this approach aligns with a growing consensus among Americans who support legalization and recognize the potential benefits of cannabis use for both medical and recreational purposes.
The Future of Cryptocurrency Regulation = The Rise of Cryptocurrencies
Cryptocurrencies have surged in popularity over the past decade, with Bitcoin leading the charge as the first decentralized digital currency. The market has expanded to include thousands of alternative coins (altcoins), each with unique features and use cases. As cryptocurrencies gain traction among investors and consumers alike, regulatory scrutiny has intensified.
Current Regulatory Challenges
The cryptocurrency market faces several regulatory challenges that hinder its growth and adoption:
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Lack of Clarity: Regulatory frameworks vary significantly across states and countries, creating confusion for investors and businesses.
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Fraud and Scams: The rapid growth of cryptocurrencies has led to an increase in fraudulent schemes targeting unsuspecting investors.
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Consumer Protection: Without clear regulations, consumers are often left vulnerable to risks associated with volatile markets.
Christie’s Vision for Crypto Regulation
Christie believes that under Trump’s leadership, there will be an effort to find a “sweet spot” for cryptocurrency regulation balancing innovation with consumer protection. He argues that overly stringent regulations could stifle growth in this emerging sector while too little oversight could expose consumers to significant risks.
In his view, a balanced regulatory framework would include:
1. Clear Definitions: Establishing clear definitions for different types of cryptocurrencies and tokens to differentiate between securities and utility tokens.
2. Consumer Protections: Implementing measures to protect investors from fraud while promoting transparency within the market.
3. Encouraging Innovation: Creating an environment conducive to innovation by allowing startups to thrive without excessive regulatory burdens.
Christie’s insights reflect a growing recognition among policymakers that cryptocurrencies are here to stay and that appropriate regulations are necessary to foster growth while safeguarding consumers.
Implications of Proposed Reforms
Economic Impact
The potential reforms proposed by Christie could have far-reaching economic implications:
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Job Creation: Legalizing marijuana at the federal level could lead to significant job creation within the cannabis industry—from cultivation and production to retail sales.
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Investment Opportunities: Descheduling cannabis would open up investment opportunities for institutional investors who have been hesitant due to federal restrictions.
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Boosting Local Economies: Legal cannabis markets have proven beneficial for local economies through increased tax revenues and job creation.
Similarly, clear regulations around cryptocurrencies could stimulate investment in blockchain technology and related industries, fostering innovation and economic growth.
Social Justice Considerations
Both marijuana legalization and sensible cryptocurrency regulations have social justice implications:
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Addressing Past Injustices: Legalizing marijuana could help rectify past injustices related to drug enforcement policies that disproportionately affected marginalized communities.
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Financial Inclusion: Cryptocurrencies offer opportunities for financial inclusion for those underserved by traditional banking systems, particularly in low-income communities.
Political Landscape
The political landscape surrounding these issues is complex. While there is bipartisan support for marijuana reform among certain lawmakers, challenges remain in overcoming entrenched opposition. Similarly, cryptocurrency regulation has garnered attention from both sides of the aisle but requires collaboration to establish effective frameworks.
Conclusion
Chris Christie’s predictions about President-elect Donald Trump’s approach to federal marijuana descheduling and cryptocurrency regulation suggest a potential shift in U.S. policy that could significantly reshape both industries. As public opinion evolves on these issues, lawmakers have an opportunity to enact meaningful reforms that promote economic growth while ensuring consumer protection. The anticipated changes could foster a more robust cannabis industry that contributes positively to the economy and addresses social justice concerns, while clear regulatory frameworks for cryptocurrencies could encourage innovation and protect consumers in the digital economy. Stakeholders in both sectors are closely watching these developments, eager to see how potential reforms might impact their futures. While the realization of Christie’s predictions remains uncertain, it’s clear that the conversation around marijuana and cryptocurrency regulation is ongoing and far from settled.
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Webinar Replay: Post-Election Cannabis Wrap – Smoke ’em if You’ve Got ’em
Published
1 day agoon
November 13, 2024By
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On Thursday, November 7th, Vince Sliwoski, Aaron Pelley and Fred Rocafort held a post election discussion “Post-Election Cannabis Wrap – Smoke ’em if You’ve Got ’em”. Watch the replay!
Key Takeaways from the “Smoke ’em if You’ve Got ’em – 2024 Post Election Cannabis Wrap” Webinar:
- Panelists:
- Vince Sliwoski: Oregon Business lawyer specializing in cannabis and commercial real estate.
- Aaron Pelley: Experienced in cannabis law since Washington’s legalization in 2012.
- Fred Rocafort: Trademark attorney working closely with the cannabis team.
- Election Results Overview:
- Most 2024 cannabis ballot measures did not pass.
- Florida, South Dakota, and North Dakota saw failures.
- Nebraska became the 39th state to legalize cannabis for medical use when it passed two cannabis initiatives, Initiatives 437 and 438.
- Federal and State-Level Developments:
- Medical use is currently legal in 38 states, and 24 states allow recreational use.
- Republican support for marijuana legalization is growing.
- Federal Policy Implications:
- Schedule III Rescheduling: The process to move cannabis to Schedule III is ongoing, which could significantly impact the industry.
- Importance of Federal Appointments: The future of cannabis policy depends heavily on who is appointed to key positions in the administration.
- International and Domestic Trade:
- Schedule III status could ease import/export restrictions on cannabis.
- Unified control of House, Senate, and presidency might expedite legislative progress.
- Economic and Industry Impact:
- Cannabis stocks experienced volatility post-election, reflecting investor uncertainty.
- Federal legalization and banking reforms are crucial for industry stability and growth.
- Future Outlook:
- The potential for federal rescheduling remains strong, with hearings scheduled for early 2025.
- State-level initiatives and regulatory developments will continue to shape the industry.
“How Long Does One Puff of Weed Stay in Your System?”… This topic can be difficult to answer since it is dependent on elements such as the size of the hit and what constitutes a “one hit.” If you take a large bong pull then cough, it might linger in your system for 5-7 days. A moderate dose from a joint can last 3-5 days, whereas a few hits from a vaporizer may last 1-3 days.
The length of time that marijuana stays in the body varies based on a number of factors, including metabolism, THC levels, frequency of use, and hydration.
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis. THC and its metabolites, which remain in your body long after the effects have subsided, are detected by drug tests.
Since these metabolites are fat-soluble, they cling to bodily fat molecules. They could thus take a while to fully pass through your system, particularly if your body fat percentage is higher.
THC is absorbed by tissues and organs (including the brain, heart, and fat) and converted by the liver into chemicals such as 11-hydroxy-THC and carboxy-THC. Cannabis is eliminated in feces at a rate of around 65%, while urine accounts for 20%. The leftover amount might be kept within the body.
THC deposited in bodily tissues ultimately re-enters the circulation and is processed by the liver. For frequent users, THC accumulates in fatty tissues quicker than it can be removed, thus it may be detectable in drug tests for days or weeks following consumption.
The detection time varies according to the amount and frequency of cannabis usage. Higher dosages and regular usage result in longer detection times.
The type of drug test also affects detection windows. Blood and saliva tests typically detect cannabis metabolites for shorter periods, while urine and hair samples can reveal use for weeks or even months. In some cases, hair tests have detected cannabis use over 90 days after consumption.
Detection Windows for Various Cannabis Drug Tests
Urine Tests
Among all drug tests, urine testing is the most commonly used method for screening for drug use in an individual.
Detection times vary, but a 2017 review suggests the following windows for cannabis in urine after last use:
– Single-use (e.g., one joint): up to 3 days
– Moderate use (around 4 times a week): 5–7 days
– Chronic use (daily): 10–15 days
– Chronic heavy use (multiple times daily): over 30 days
Blood Tests
Blood tests generally detect recent cannabis use, typically within 2–12 hours after consumption. However, in cases of heavy use, cannabis has been detected up to 30 days later. Chronic heavy use can extend the detection period in the bloodstream.
Saliva Tests
THC can enter saliva through secondhand cannabis smoke, but THC metabolites are only present if you’ve personally smoked or ingested cannabis.
Saliva testing has a short detection window and can sometimes identify cannabis use on the same day. A 2020 review found that THC was detectable in the saliva of frequent users for up to 72 hours after use, and it may remain in saliva longer than in blood following recent use.
In areas where cannabis is illegal, saliva testing is often used for roadside screenings.
Hair Tests
Hair follicle tests can detect cannabis use for up to 90 days. After use, cannabinoids reach the hair follicles through small blood vessels and from sebum and sweat surrounding the hair.
Hair grows at approximately 0.5 inches per month, so a 1.5-inch segment of hair close to the scalp can reveal cannabis use over the past three months.
Factors Affecting THC and Metabolite Retention
The length of time THC and its metabolites stay in your system depends on various factors. Some, like body mass index (BMI) and metabolic rate, relate to individual body processing, not the drug itself.
Other factors are specific to cannabis use, including:
– Dosage: How much you consume
– Frequency: How often you use cannabis
– Method of consumption: Smoking, dabbing, edibles, or sublingual
– THC potency: Higher potency can extend detection time
Higher doses and more frequent use generally extend THC retention. Cannabis consumed orally may remain in the system slightly longer than smoked cannabis, and stronger cannabis strains, higher in THC, may also stay detectable for a longer period.
How Quickly Do the Effects of Cannabis Set In?
When smoking cannabis, effects appear almost immediately, while ingested cannabis may take 1–3 hours to peak.
The psychoactive component THC produces a “high” with common effects such as:
– Altered senses, including perception of time
– Mood changes
– Difficulty with thinking and problem-solving
– Impaired memory
Other short-term effects can include:
– Anxiety and confusion
– Decreased coordination
– Dry mouth and eyes
– Nausea or lightheadedness
– Trouble focusing
– Increased appetite
– Rapid heart rate
– Restlessness and sleepiness
In rare cases, high doses may lead to hallucinations, delusions, or acute psychosis.
Regular cannabis use may have additional mental and physical effects. While research is ongoing, cannabis use may increase the risk of:
– Cognitive issues like memory loss
– Cardiovascular problems including heart disease and stroke
– Respiratory illnesses such as bronchitis or lung infections
– Mood disorders like depression and anxiety
Cannabis use during pregnancy can negatively impact fetal growth and development.
Duration of Effects
Short-term effects generally taper off within 1–3 hours, but for chronic users, some long-term effects may last days, weeks, or even months. Certain effects may even be permanent.
Bottom Line
The amount of time that cannabis remains in your system following a single use varies greatly depending on individual characteristics such as body fat, metabolism, frequency of use, and mode of intake. Frequent users may maintain traces of THC for weeks, whereas infrequent users may test positive for as little as a few days. Hair tests can disclose usage for up to 90 days, while blood and saliva tests identify more recent use. Urine tests are the most popular and have varying detection durations. The duration that THC and its metabolites are detectable will ultimately depend on a number of factors, including dose, strength, and individual body chemistry.
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