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A Leading Medicinal Cannabis Company in Boyacá, Colombia

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By: Juan Sebastian Chaves Gil

Carlos Julio Velandia Sepúlveda, Secretary of Business Development for the Department, recently visited Savia Royal, a project specializing in the cultivation, harvest, and transformation of medicinal plants such as cannabis. Founded in 2019, the company has obtained licenses for psychoactive cannabis and its derivatives, certifying good agricultural practices before the European Union and ICA Colombia in 2021.

With approximately 50 direct and indirect jobs, Savia Royal involves communities in Valle de Tenza, Somondoco, Sutatenza, Bogotá, and Guateque, providing opportunities for various groups such as single mothers, youth, parents, and the LGBTQ+ community. The legal representative, Leidy Carranza, highlighted the positive impact of the company, emphasizing exports to European countries such as Portugal, Germany, and France.

Carranza emphasized the changing perception of medicinal cannabis, focusing on medical solutions for those in need. Additionally, she announced Savia Royal’s upcoming inclusion in the ‘Soy Boyacá’ brand, under the supervision of the Department’s Secretary of Business Development.

It is noteworthy that the industry is a source of employment, with each hectare generating an average of 17 direct jobs, not including administrative and scientific personnel. Most companies making significant investments aim to export the “extract” and health products, although others have their business niche in sectors such as cosmetics.



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Get some rest on Modified Grapes—November’s Leafly HighLight

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We get the sense that America will be ordering more of the Modified Grapes strain this winter—the sleep-inducing, stress-mellowing cross of GMO Cookies x Purple Punch.

Yes—we’ve found the next top 200 strain you have to know about. Modified Grapes is our HighLight flavor for November 2024.

We get it—inflation ate all our paychecks. Well, meet a dirt-cheap, award-winning indica hybrid that smells and tastes like grape, honey, and berry. 

Disassociating for the night? Modified Grapes leaves reviewers sleepy, relaxed, and euphoric.

“Truly Dionysian, feels like you’ve just drank a pitcher of wine without the liver damage that comes with the real thing,” writes another.

It’s strong stuff, so you’re going to need water, and you’ll want to start at the lowest effective dose. Modified Grapes’ top negatives are dry mouth and anxiety.

Not recommended for the novice smoker. A little goes a long way with this one

Leafly review

Modified Grapes rates a 4.4 out of 5, after 146 reviews on Leafly. Bag quality can certainly vary by batch—it’s a cash crop. GMO and Purple Punch are two proven strains. So when it’s good you get:

 “Big dense purply flowers. Lush, jammy Vitis flavor with earthy pine resin notes,” said one Leafly reviewer.

Those aromas are powered by its top terpenes: limonene, caryophyllene, and pinene. Add in the high THC, and one reviewer said Modified Grapes:

“Will have you feeling like you have been shot with elephant tranquilizers, and been hit with a 2pc from Mike Tyson. Leaving you devastated, and glued to the couch unable to even lift your eyelids.”

Some people need that this winter. And fresh studies conclude cannabis substitutes for more toxic sedatives including alcohol.

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Who’s got great Modified Grapes?

A photo of Modified Grapes. (Courtesy LitHouse)
Modified Grapes (Courtesy LitHouse)

All praise be to the cash crop. GMO x Purple Punch has that agronomy—it’s efficient to farm. Put some savings on those wallet wounds with a $4.50 gram of Modified Grapes in Portland, OR

Maine has $30 ounces of Modified Grapes shake like it’s 1970.

Seattle has half-ounces of flower for $35. There’s a high-end, too.

Related

How to order weed delivery online with Leafly

A Modified Grapes live rosin cart sells in Denver for $33 and live rosin gummies go for $16.50.

Arizona has rosin disposable vape pens of it for $50.

Modified Grapes seeds

(Courtesy Coastal Sun Farms)

You can tend to your garden and get a lot of joy out of growing this chonky bud. GMO is a beast. The yield of Purple Punch is also legendary.

Klone Colorado and Highline Nursery offer little cuttings of the cultivar. 

We see Modified Grapes seeds from Horror Seeds, Blimburn, Trilogene, and a new cross from Bloom Seeds.

Related

The best cannabis seed companies

Modified Grapes awards

GMO and Purple Punch have both powered their fair share of Cup-winners. The California brand LitHouse took first in mixed light with Modified Grapes in 2022. The strain also has wins in 2021 and 2020.

Modified Grapes terpenes

Modified Grapes can have this funky, dank grape smell that’s great. GMO adds loudness to any strain. Many shoppers pick based on the essential oils in herb—the terpenes. Batches labeled Modified Grapes tested highest for limonene, caryophyllene, pinene, which can relate to citrus, pepper/fuel/gas, and pine. 

Other highlights this November

Can’t buy our HighLight? Don’t cry, dry your eyes—with three related or seasonal picks.

Papaya Punch

Papaya Punch (David Downs / Leafly) web
(David Downs / Leafly)

Swap out the stanky GMO for the more floral papaya in this equally sleepy and fruity half-sibling of Modified Grapes.

GMO Cookies

angular and long mint-green marijuana nug resting on its side against a white background
GMO Cookies. (David Downs/Leafly file photo 2020)

Get more aggressive with your sedative—crack that Modified Grape parent GMO Cookies. For fans of savory, stanky, and strong. Not actually genetically modified, for the record.

Purple Punch

A macro bud shot of icy purple and green Purple Punch (David Downs/Leafly)
A macro bud shot of icy purple and green Purple Punch (David Downs/Leafly)

The other parent in Modified Grapes is for the thriftiest of us. Purple Punch is an easy-going, grape-flavored sleep aid.


Ok, that’s HighLight for November 2024. Go stock up. Winter is coming. The wine leaves have all turned red and yellow in the fields. The grapes are being smashed. The weed barns are full of a bumper crop that’ll ripen into the new year. One thing dies. Another is born. The only constant—change.

Hey, what’s ‘Leafly HighLight’?

Weed shops will sell 200 types of flower—Who can choose? Leafly HighLight cures your choice paralysis with a monthly deep dive into a top 200, national cannabis cultivar you should smoke. We combine:

  • Leafly Strain Database search data
  • dispensary menu data
  • dispensary visits
  • and smoke sessions

Then we select one cultivar that pairs with the season and mood. That’s Leafly HighLight.

Read past Leafly HighLight columns.

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Is Kratom Addictive? Understanding Dependence, Risks, and Safe Usage

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is kratom addictive

Is kratom addictive? Discover the potential for dependence on Kratom, the risks involved with its use, and how to approach its consumption responsibly.

From 2011 to 2017, over 1,800 calls to poison centers involved kratom in the U.S. This significant number highlights the concern regarding kratom addiction.

However, without Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight, and due to various consumption methods like teas and capsules, there are significant health risks. Safe use of kratom is now in question due to these issues.

Research debates how dependence develops, outlining signs like loss of control and withdrawal symptoms. These signs are seen in regular kratom users. Ironically, some people switch from drugs like heroin to kratom, looking for a legal alternative.

Understanding Kratom: Origins and Prevalence

Kratom comes from the Mitragyna speciosa tree in Southeast Asia. It can act like a stimulant or like opioids, based on how much you take. People use it in different ways, for a small energy boost or stronger effects at higher doses.

The legal status of kratom in the U.S. is complicated and changing. It’s a hot topic because some worry about its misuse. It’s still legal in several states. This shows how different places handle drug rules. The National Institute on Drug Abuse is looking into its medical benefits. But, the FDA hasn’t approved it for medical use yet. The DEA calls it a “drug of concern,” which means policies might change.

  • From 2011 to 2017, poison control centers in the U.S. got over 1,800 reports about kratom. This shows it’s widely used and might pose health risks.

  • Kratom’s main ingredients bind to opioid receptors very strongly, stronger than morphine even. This fact is key to understanding its effects.

  • As more people use kratom, more are reporting serious health problems. These include liver and heart issues, and tough withdrawal symptoms, particularly in those already sick.

The statistics show mounting worries about kratom in the U.S. As its use grows, it’s becoming more important to health policies and laws. What happens next will depend on further research and legal decisions.

Is Kratom Addictive: Investigating the Substance’s Nature

The question of kratom’s addictiveness focuses on how it affects brain receptors and its long-term health implications. The ongoing debate highlights concerns about dependence and the risk of addiction. Scientists are closely looking at these issues.

How Kratom Works in the Brain

Kratom’s main alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, bind to the brain’s opioid receptors, similar to painkillers and narcotics. This connection suggests a potential risk of dependence. These alkaloids are key to kratom’s pain relief but also point to possible addiction concerns, especially with frequent, high-dose usage.

Patterns and Consequences of Long-term Use

  • Using kratom often, especially in large doses, can increase the risk of dependence and intense withdrawal symptoms, similar to opioid withdrawal.

  • Although some use it for pain or to improve mood, long-term kratom users might see serious health problems, like liver damage and mental health issues.

  • Withdrawal symptoms, including irritability, nausea, and sleep problems, show kratom’s impact on one’s physical and mental health.

Assessment of Addiction Risks

Studies indicate a significant risk of addiction to kratom, especially with high doses or frequent use. Dependence develops as the body gets used to kratom, leading to tolerance and a need for more to feel its effects. Withdrawal symptoms emphasize this risk, as highlighted by health experts.

Physiological Effects: Kratom’s Impact on the Body

There is a lot of debate about the safety and use of kratom. This herbal extract comes from the Mitragyna speciosa plant. It has drawn attention for its possible harmful effects on the body. The FDA has issued many warnings about kratom, raising safety concerns.

  • Kratom Adverse Effects: Kratom users have reported side effects like nausea, vomiting, and confusion. More serious issues include high blood pressure and liver damage. These problems highlight the risks of using kratom.

  • Herbal Extract Safety: Some kratom products contain heavy metals and pathogens. These can cause severe health issues, including death. This shows the importance of safety in herbal products.

  • FDA Warnings and Regulations: The FDA has linked kratom to over 35 deaths and warns against using it. They point out the lack of medical uses and the risk of addiction.

  • Physiological Impact: Kratom’s effects depend on the dose and the user’s body. Yet, it can lead to dangerous outcomes like liver damage and seizures.

  • Safety Concerns from Authorities: Federal agencies like the DEA are worried about kratom’s safety. Although not a controlled substance, monitoring suggests users should be careful.

Kratom might offer temporary relief for some ailments, but it comes with significant risks. The FDA’s warnings should make people think twice. If considering kratom, it’s crucial to talk to a doctor first. Experts stress the need for safety and caution with herbal extracts.

Conclusion

Kratom’s role in health and regulation is complex, with views and research findings widely varied. Some people use kratom for its claimed health benefits, but it’s a hot topic. Experts advise caution and suggest consulting a doctor before using kratom due to the unclear effects.

Clinical studies using scores like SOWS and COWS haven’t confirmed withdrawal symptoms from kratom. This adds to the debate, especially when some users report withdrawal. This makes kratom a controversial subject among different findings and user experiences.

When it comes to treating opioid addiction, kratom can be both helpful and harmful. Some have used it successfully to fight addiction. Yet, some states have banned it. This highlights the need for regulations and consistent product quality. It also raises questions about kratom’s legal status due to mixed actions by authorities.

The situation shows how complex kratom is in the realm of substance use and law. Without clear evidence supporting either its benefits or risks, it poses a challenge. More research is needed to guide regulations and health advice. For now, anyone thinking of using kratom should be careful, seek medical advice, and keep up with laws and health guidelines.

 

WHAT IS KRATOM ANYWAY? READ ON…

WHAT IS KRATOM

WHAT IS KRATOM AND WHY ARE YOU HEARING ABOUT IT NOW?



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New Rule, December 5: Oregon Cannabis Retailers, Processors and Labor Peace Agreements

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Oregon’s Measure 119 passed last week, as expected. This means that as of December 5th, every OLCC licensed retailer, processor, researcher and testing lab must secure a labor peace agreement before OLCC will approve a new or renewal license application. The labor peace agreement must be with a “bona fide labor organization.”

I previewed M119 back in September, explaining:

Compulsory peace agreements aren’t anything new in cannabis, although it would be something different here in Oregon. California, for example, requires labor peace agreements for many of its cannabis licensees, and has for many years. We had clients struggle with the concept initially, and we saw some fumbled rollouts, but people eventually adjusted.

Measure 119 further provides that retailers and processors would be required to remain neutral, under the peace agreements, when labor organizations communicate with employees about collective bargaining rights “with any licensure or renewal application.”

M119 may be legally problematic

I’m not a First Amendment lawyer, but it’s not clear to me that an Oregon business can be constrained from speaking with employees– regardless of what M119 provides. Oregon’s speech protections are extremely broad, which is why we have a naked bike ride, tons of strip clubs and no campaign finance restrictions.

I’m also not a labor lawyer, but I’m told M119 could hit a snag on the National Labor Relations Act.

I’ve run these concepts by an Oregon First Amendment lawyer and a couple of labor lawyers, and all confirmed to me that M119 has real exposure. I found that feedback interesting, because M119 sponsors would have understood this when they set out signature gathering. Back in September, I wrote:

The United Food and Commercial Workers Local 555 spent a good deal of money to get Measure 119 on the ballot, rounding up some 163,000 signatures when only 117,173 were required. This follows on a stymied effort to get House Bill 3183 passed last year, which would have accomplished the same thing legislatively.

HB 3183 failed after a couple of advisory letters from the State of Oregon, Legislative Counsel Committee (see here and here). Those letters discussed preemption exposure for what is now M119 under the National Labor Relations Act, The Taft Hartley Act, and other federal laws. Oregon Business and Industry, the largest business group in the state, also submitted opposing testimony, highlighting legal exposure.

As to the First Amendment issues, anyone watching this is advised to follow litigation recently brought by Ctrl Alt Destroy, Inc., on a similar requirement in California.

So let’s see how that goes, and let’s see if anyone in the Oregon cannabis space wants to make a run at litigating M119. For now, credit to UFCW Local 555, I guess, for not giving up and for getting this thing on the ballot. And for having some fun by slipping a Rickroll into the voter pamphlet. I’m sure that won a few people over.

The OLCC process

I don’t have any information yet on what OLCC is going to do ahead of the December 5th deadline. It’s worth noting that, in addition to California, other recreational cannabis states including New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Connecticut and Delaware all have similar requirements. Most likely, OLCC will put out an FAQ page very soon that looks something like this and licensees will need to upload something or other to CAMP with respect to any post-December 5th application or renewal.

As far as OLCC licensees negotiating these agreements, the best approach would be to speak with experienced labor counsel. Labor law is highly specialized, and negotiating a labor peace agreement with any outfit claiming to be a “bona fide labor organization” is not a typical exercise.

For now, this is just one more thing for licensed cannabis businesses to comply with. Please reach out to us if you have any questions or need a referral.



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