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Virginia House And Senate Lawmakers Advance Marijuana Sales Legalization Bills Toward Governor’s Desk

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The march to legalize the sale of recreational marijuana in Virginia continues, with the full House of Representatives and a Senate committee advancing a pair of bills to create a regulated adult cannabis market in the commonwealth.

The House on Tuesday approved the second reading of the cannabis sale bill passed by the Senate, giving it the chance to pass it definitively in the chamber. Earlier, a House measure moved through the Senate Finance and Appropriations Committee on a 10-5 vote, sending the measure back to the floor for consideration.

Both chambers’ marijuana-sale proposals aim to give adults a legal way to buy cannabis, legalizing both state possession and home cultivation in 2021, though there are key differences between them.

Bicameral measures—HB 642 and SB 542—Recently changed to allow micro business licensees to cultivate, process or conduct retail sales at two locations instead of one, as long as they are within 10 miles of each other and operate under common ownership and control.

Lawmakers also revised the legislation to clarify that current medical cannabis businesses would only be able to grow cannabis indoors, including in secure greenhouses with a total hood of 70,000 square feet. The amendments also would not allow additional marijuana licenses with “dual-use privileges” beyond medical licenses.

Finally, the measure’s conversion fee structure was revised to pay current medical marijuana companies the privilege of dividing the adult-use market into three parts.

There are some key differences between the House bills that still need to be ironed out — related to the start date of legal sales and cannabis tax rates — before a final product can be delivered to the governor’s desk.

Here are the key details of Virginia’s marijuana sales legalization legislation, SB 542 and HB 642:

  • Adults would be able to purchase up to 2.5 ounces of marijuana in a single transaction, or up to an equivalent amount of other cannabis products, as determined by regulators.
  • The House bill sets a statewide sales date of Nov. 1, 2026, while the Senate measure would allow it to begin on Jan. 1, 2027.
  • The Senate bill would impose a 12.875 percent excise tax on cannabis products, in addition to a 1.125 percent state sales tax and a mandatory 3 percent local tax. The House measure would apply a 6 percent excise tax, as well as a 5.3 percent retail sales and use tax, allowing municipalities to impose a 3.5 percent local tax.
  • Under the House bill, the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority would oversee licensing and regulation of the new industry, while the Senate legislation calls for a new combined Alcoholic Beverage and Cannabis Control Authority.
  • The House bill calls for the proceeds to be allocated to a new Cannabis Equity Reinvestment Fund (60 percent), early childhood education (10 percent), the Department of Behavioral and Developmental Health Services (25 percent) and public health initiatives (5 percent). The Senate proposal, on the other hand, would put 30 percent into the capital reinvestment fund, 40 percent for early childhood education, 25 percent for the department of behavioral and developmental health services and 5 percent for public health initiatives.
  • Local governments could not allow marijuana companies to operate in their area.
  • Delivery services would be allowed.
  • Serving sizes would be limited to 10 milligrams of THC, with no more than 100 mg of THC per package.
  • Existing medical cannabis operators could enter the adult-use market if they pay a license conversion fee set at $15 million in the Senate bill and $10 million in the House measure.
  • Cannabis businesses should implement peaceful labor agreements with their employees.
  • A legislative committee would direct the addition of local consumer licenses and micro-enterprise cannabis event permits that would allow licensees to hold sales at farmers markets or pop-up locations. The Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority would also investigate the possibility of involvement in marijuana regulation and enforcement.

Both the Virginia House and Senate Last month, he took action on multiple marijuana bills during a major deadline—accept proposals to legalize the sale of cannabis, provide a way to punish previous marijuana convictions and allow access to medical cannabis for seriously ill patients in hospitals.

As for the Senate marijuana sales bill, members recently clashed in committee over amendments to the body version that would add new penalties for illegal cannabis activity.

The amendments in the Judiciary Committee’s case included penalties for consumers who purchase from unlicensed sources, recriminalizing possession and sale of cannabis by those under 21, making it a Class 1 felony for a first offense and a felony punishable by a mandatory prison sentence for a second offense. As revised, the bill would also increase the penalty for unlicensed cultivation to a felony with up to five years in prison and make it a felony to transport cannabis with the intent to distribute it across state lines.

But the Finance and Appropriations Committee backed down the amendments last month, sending a letter to senators under pressure from a coalition of advocacy groups. saying that they undermined the “intent” of the legislation and “the will of the people” by adding criminal penalties to certain cannabis-related activities.

In general, both chambers’ commercial sales bills have largely aligned with recommendations released by the legislature in December. Joint Committee to Oversee the Transition to the Commonwealth Retail Cannabis Market.

Meanwhile, some members of the GOP have aligned ideologically with their Democratic colleagues throughout this legislative process, breaking with the majority of their caucus. in favor of creating a regulated market for adults to buy cannabis.

Since legalizing cannabis ownership and home cultivation in 2021, Virginia lawmakers have been working to establish a commercial marijuana market– Only for those efforts to stall under former Gov. Glenn Youngkin (R), who twice vetoed measures sent to his desk by the Legislature.

Governor Abigail Spanberger (D), for her part, supports legalizing the sale of marijuana to adults..

Meanwhile, members of the Virginia House and Senate advanced a pair of bills Monday, with amendments that provide a pathway to resentencing for people with prior marijuana convictions.

Members of the Senate and House Judiciary Committees approved alternate versions of the opposite chamber’s reform bill on Monday, setting the stage for bicameral negotiations as the measures move through the legislative process.

Legislation introduced in both chambers would create a process to consider changing the sentences under which people incarcerated or on community custody for certain felonies involving the possession, manufacture, sale or distribution of marijuana could receive an automatic trial.

Separately last month, the Virginia House patients passed a bill to allow the use of medical marijuana in hospitals. It would require health care facilities to implement policies “to address the situation in which an eligible patient is authorized to use medical cannabis.”

The Senate passed various pieces of legislation use of medical cannabis in healthcare facilities last month


It’s Marijuana Time tracking hundreds of cannabis, psychedelic and drug policy bills in state legislatures and Congress this year. Patreon supporters by pledging at least $25/month, you’ll get access to our interactive maps, charts, and audio calendars so you never miss a development.


Learn more about our marijuana bill tracking and become a Patreon supporter to gain access

Meanwhile, the Virginia House passed the bill earlier this month Protecting the rights of parents who use marijuana by complying with state laws.

Del. According to the proposal by Nadarius Clark (D), a parent or guardian’s own use of cannabis “shall not serve as a basis for a finding of abuse or neglect of a child unless other facts establish that its possession or consumption causes or produces physical or mental injury to the child.”

“A person’s legal possession or consumption of substances permitted (under state marijuana law) shall not serve as a basis for limiting custody or visitation unless other facts establish that such possession or consumption is not in the best interest of the child,” reads the text of HB 942.

Separately, the Virginia Department of Labor and Industry has published a new defining workplace protections for cannabis users.

Photo by Chris Wallis // Side Pocket Images.

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Ora Pharm affirms uninterrupted access to Helius products

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Ora Pharm has confirmed that New Zealand patients, prescribers and pharmacies continue to have uninterrupted access to Helius Therapeutics products following the successful acquisition of the business and its key assets, directly challenging the misinformation being circulated to patients and prescribers by cannabis importer MW Pharma Limited (trading as NUBU).

Industry monitoring was highlighted on Monday, July 20th, when Helius Therapeutics announced that NZ Grow Co. As he inaugurated Growers Day. The event demonstrated the full operational strength, advanced capabilities and integrated supply chain now fully operational under Ora Pharm’s leadership to support the growth of the NZ sector.

At the event, CEO Zoë Reece addressed concerns stemming from a July 9 industry bulletin distributed by NUBU, which stated that “Helius Therapeutics has ceased production and all products are now discontinued.”

© Ora Pharm

Ora Pharm said the statement was incorrect and had the potential to create unnecessary uncertainty in a highly regulated healthcare sector.

“Inaccurate information about the availability of medicines can cause unnecessary worry for patients, prescribers and pharmacies, interfere with treatment decisions and undermine confidence in the New Zealand cannabis industry.”

Ora Pharm completed the business and acquisition of key assets of Helius Therapeutics on June 18, 2026, resuming manufacturing, packaging and nationwide distribution the following day. All Helius brand formulated products and locally grown products remain approved and available for patient supply.

CEO Zoë Reece said the company’s focus is on ensuring continuity of care while strengthening New Zealand’s medicinal cannabis industry.

“The Helius facility gives New Zealand growers direct access to world-class pharmaceutical drying, extraction and manufacturing capabilities. Combined with NZ Grow Co., we are creating a secure and integrated pathway from cultivation to finished products and international markets. Our focus is on clinical continuity, quality assurance and confidence in patients and prescribing physicians every day.”

© Ora Pharm

The integration of the GMP-certified Auckland manufacturing facility with NZ Grow Co.’s cultivation network creates New Zealand’s largest medicinal cannabis supply chain. This unified network insulates domestic patients from volatile international import dependencies while providing independent local growers with a transparent, high-standard route to export markets.

Ora Pharm remains committed to working collaboratively across the sector to support patient access, strengthen confidence in the New Zealand cannabis industry and continue to invest in New Zealand’s pharmaceutical manufacturing capacity.

For more information:
Ora Pharm
(email protected)
www.orapharm.co.nz

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California Treasurer Announces Hearing On Marijuana Business Banking Access Issues

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California’s state treasurer has announced he will convene a hearing next week to highlight the marijuana industry’s banking access “challenges” and its impact on businesses, workers and communities.

The hearing, organized by Treasurer Fiona Ma (D), comes ten years after her predecessor launched a Cannabis Bank Task Force to look into the issue.

Titled “Continuing the Conversation: Advancing Safe and Legal Banking for California’s Cannabis Industry,” Wednesday’s hearing will feature state and local officials, financial institutions and representatives of marijuana companies. The plan is to “review progress made, discuss remaining obstacles, and consider practical steps California can take to support a safe, transparent and well-regulated legal cannabis market,” Ma’s office said in a press release.

“Nearly a decade after the launch of the Cannabis Banking Working Group, California’s legal cannabis industry continues to face barriers to access to affordable and reliable financial services due to state-federal conflict,” Ma. he said. “This hearing it will help us assess what has changed, identify challenges that remain, and continue the conversation about practical solutions that support public safety, transparency, and responsible business operations.”

Last month, bipartisan members of the US House and Senate reintroduced the legislation protect banks from being penalized for providing financial services to marijuana businesses.

Previous iterations of the banking legislation have been introduced in previous sessions of Congress, and while the House of Representatives has passed versions on several occasions, the reform has never become law.

While some banks serve marijuana businesses, the continued federal illegalization of the plant has made many reluctant to work with the industry.

“Limited access may increase operating costs, complicate routine financial transactions, and require some businesses to handle larger amounts of money, creating additional security and administrative concerns,” Ma’s office said.

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Peat is a lot more sustainable than we think

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Increasing public scrutiny has questioned whether the use of peat is environmentally sustainable. A new review According to Dr. James Altland, research director of the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service, and Dr. Bruce Bugbee of Utah State University, they present a more nuanced picture than much of the current evidence portrays.

“Much of the debate in the popular press suggests that the use of peat in horticulture is unsustainable because it causes global warming and other environmental impacts,” shares James. “We have seen that agriculture is much more sustainable than some parties in the media want us to believe.”

© USDA

Differences between regions matter
The review states that assessments of peatland sustainability should differentiate between regions. While European peatlands have been heavily impacted by centuries of drainage and peat extraction, most Canadian peatlands remain undisturbed, with only a small proportion used for horticulture. According to the authors, this distinction is important when assessing the environmental impact of peat production.

“Currently, Canadian peatlands are sequestering carbon faster than the rate of extraction from container crop production. At current rates of extraction and with appropriate restoration, peatland use in North America is environmentally sustainable.”

The authors note that horticultural peat extraction in Canada accounts for only a small fraction of the total peatland area and that harvested sites are routinely restored after production.

© USDA

Restoration supports long-term recovery
The paper highlights the role of restoration practices, particularly the Moss Layer Transfer Technique (MLTT), in restoring peat-forming ecosystems.

“Restoration techniques, such as the moss layer transfer technique, can turn harvested peatlands into carbon sinks over decades,” he added. The review found that restored peatlands can restore vegetation, biodiversity and carbon sequestration functions over time, while improvements in water storage and hydrological performance are also documented.

© USDA

Alternatives also have environmental impacts
The researchers also looked at published life cycle assessments comparing them to substrates such as peat, korea, wood fiber, perlite and rock wool. “Life cycle assessments show that alternative substrates often have environmental impacts comparable to or greater than peat, especially when considering water use, transport and fertilizer inputs.”

The review concludes that comparisons depend on system limitations and assumptions, and that broad claims that alternatives are inherently more sustainable than peat are not consistently supported by published analyses.

© USDA
Figure A: Global carbon storage in natural systems (Gt, gigatons)
(Hirschler and Osterburg, 2022; Cleary et al, 2005; IPCC, 2023)

Performance remains an important consideration
Beyond sustainability, the paper reviews the functional characteristics that have made peat the reference substrate for container production.

“Soil’s high cation exchange capacity, water retention and stability support optimal plant growth and nutrient uptake,” shares James. The authors point out that these properties contribute to efficient irrigation and fertilizer management, maintaining good root zone conditions.

Although wood fibers, coir, and other materials can reduce peat use in mixes, each introduces its own management considerations, such as nutrient immobilization, water use, or processing requirements.

© USDA
Figure B: Annual carbon flux from human activities and sequestration through natural processes (Gt CO2-eq per year)
(Hirschler and Osterburg, 2022; Cleary et al, 2005; IPCC, 2023)

Managing future demand
As the global demand for soilless growth media is expected to increase significantly in the coming decades, the authors believe that a variety of substrate materials will be required.

“At current rates of extraction and with appropriate restoration, peat use in North America is environmentally sustainable and remains essential for horticulture and urban greening.”

For more information:
US Department of Agriculture
James Altland, Head of Research
Application Technologies Research Unit
(email protected)
www.usda.gov

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