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What States in the US Have a Problem With Salvia?
Salvia divinorum enjoys a much looser legal structure than other hallucinogenic drugs. In fact, federally, the plant is perfectly legal. There are, however, several states in the US with some form of salvia legislation. Which states are they? And how exactly do they regulate this plant?
What is salvia?
Salvia divinorum is one of several species of the Lamiaceae mint family. You might be more familiar with its sister-species Salvia officinalis, and Salvia rosmarinus, which account for the kitchen spices sage and rosemary, respectively. Salvia divinorum differs from other forms of salvia in that it contains salvinorin A, which creates a psychoactive and hallucinogenic response.
Salvia is said to hail from the Sierra Mazateca cloud forests in Oaxaca, Mexico, though this is technically unconfirmed. Thought it loves the moist and shady growing conditions of that particular environment, it can be found in many different locations worldwide, including in the US.
The plant gets its name from the word ‘divination’, and translate to “diviner’s sage” or “seer’s sage.” It was used in the rituals of Mazatec shamans for centuries for spiritual healing and divination; because it brings on altered states of consciousness, and hallucinations. There are indigenous cultures that still use it this way today. It’s also an oneirgen drug, meaning it’s used to enhance dreams while sleeping for the purpose of divination.
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The plant has a place in medical traditions. Salvia is used in the treatment of diarrhea, anemia, headaches, rheumatism, as a diuretic, and for ‘swollen belly’, considered a semi-magical disease. These uses require much lower doses than what is used to bring on psychoactive effects.
Salvia isn’t the most well-known drug, but it is still one of the more well-known of the hallucinogenic drugs. One recent study found that about 5% of the population in the US had used the drug before. Many erroneously refer to it as a psychedelic, but while it shares some similarities in causing hallucinations and otherworldly experiences, it is not technically in this category of compounds. Salvinorin A, the main active compound, is a potent agonist at κ-opioid receptors (kappa), and doesn’t affect serotonin receptors like psychedelics do.
It is known to bring on feelings of connectedness, like psychedelics, as well as sedation; disorientation in space and time; issues with motor control; analgesia; loss of memory; delusions and depersonalization; difficulty with language; laughing fits; sensory, auditory, and visual hallucinations; feelings of spirituality; and near-death experiences (or, rather, the feeling of it). It also messes with how people feel gravity, and how they feel their own physical form.
Since it’s not classified with psychedelics, and wasn’t popular at the time that the government went ahead and illegalized other hallucinogens; salvia retains legality in terms of the federal government. It does as well in many states, though there are several that have placed some kind of restriction on it, in the last several years.
States where salvia is restricted
Not every piece of legislation equals a complete illegalization. And even those that do have illegalization measures, vary in the penalties for infractions. It is true that more and more states have added on these policies, despite the federal government making no such move. Much like with magic mushrooms and mescaline, in some places, a loophole is created where the plant and the active compound are regulated differently.
Prohibit sale to minors
In some states, the only prohibition is on the sale of a product to a minor. This includes California, Maine, and New York. This is an interesting concept, of course, as there isn’t yet a sales market for the plant; however such a law comes into play when considering that the plant is federally legal, and a market can begin anywhere allowed.
What states have Schedule I for salvia?
Many states have proposed legislation here, but not all of it passed. Other states have put salvia in Schedule I of their controlled substances lists, although it can vary as to whether they include the whole plant, just the active compound, or both. The following have some form of a Schedule I ban: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
That last one on the list, Wyoming, is also a great example of the salvia loophole, wherein one aspect is illegalized, while another is not. In Wyoming, the compound salvinorin A (apparently misspelled in the legislation) is the only thing listed, while the plant Salvia divinorum is not. This is also true in Wisconsin. This resembles both the mescaline loophole and the magic mushrooms loophole.
On the other hand, some states illegalized the plant, without naming the active compound itself, which makes one wonder what happens in the case of sales of salvinorin A extract. States that fit into this category include Delaware, Illinois, New York, and Louisiana, though Illinois does ban ‘extracts’ without mentioning salvinorin A. Plenty of states that passed legislation to ban the plant, did it this way, not mentioning the salvinorin A; and leaving gray area in terms of an extracts market.
States with lesser scheduling for salvia
Apart from barring the sale of a product to minors, some states instituted other policies that regulate either the plant or the active compound, but in a less severe way than Schedule I. As stated already, a couple states only bar the sale to minors, and do nothing else. Colorado holds salvia as a class B misdemeanor. Georgia simply regulates it as a ‘dangerous drug’, giving plenty of leeway as it is legal as a decorative plant. Of course, if you can have and grow it, not much to stop people from using it.
In Indiana, salvia is a Class A misdemeanor only, and in Minnesota its considered a Gross Misdemeanor. In New York, its prohibited for sale with a $500 fine max per incident, while in South Dakota, its either a Class 1 misdemeanor, or a Class 6 felony, depending on the amount (less than two ounces is a misdemeanor).
Tennessee regulates it as a Class D felony, but holds it legal for decorative use. As this includes possession, sale, and cultivation; it once again opens the door for use, even if use is technically illegal. In Texas its Penalty Group 3, but the legislation makes the stipulation that if its unharvested and growing in a natural state, then its okay. Rhode Island shows up in the Schedule I list, but in actuality, this only applies to ‘extracts’, and specifically doesn’t apply to the actual plant, so long as it is unaltered.
Other states, whether they tried to ban it or not, never did. These include: Alaska, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, South Carolina, Utah, and Virginia. These states have absolutely no law against the plant, or the active compound in it, at least for now.
Things of note
None of these laws are actually recent from the last few years. Most happened between the years of 2007-2011, with just a few exceptions. This indicates that something happened around that time to introduce the plant to a wider audience in the US. Prior to this, its likely that no one was speaking about it at all. It’s quite possible that if it had become more popular at that time, that every state would have a ban.
There is nothing stopping the states that haven’t instituted a ban, from doing so, or for states with less strict policies, to adopt stricter ones. In a country where government doesn’t like industries it can’t control, it’s not weird to think this could and would happen. Salvia is similar right now to amanita mushrooms, which have even less restriction. They both share the quality of having not been around when similar drugs were illegalized last century.
What makes further banning less likely, is the changing climate toward psychedelics and hallucinogens in general. Colorado and Oregon have legalized some form of use, there are tons of decriminalization policies in individual locations, and more than 10 states have already announced psychedelics legislation in the works already this year. As most of these bills surround entheogenic plants, with new legislative measures opening it wider to include more plants, it makes the idea of illegalizing a plant now, not that popular an idea.
This doesn’t mean it can’t happen, of course. Governments are known to pass legal measures under the radar to avoid public scrutiny. But it also means that it might be more likely to have existing policies loosen, rather than to have more rigid ones introduced. We’ll have to wait and see.
Conclusion
Right now, salvia isn’t a real products industry, and its not spoken about as much as mushrooms, DMT, or synthetics like acid and MDMA. But one of the things we know in life, is that people like to get high, and they like to use plants to do it. With the ability for a market in many states, including ones with some – but not altogether limiting – legislation; it certainly seems like a salvia market, could be right around the corner.
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It is an important holiday with clear guidelines on celebrating – so is marijuana allowed.
It is one of the most important and celebrated holidays in the Jewish faith. The 7 day observation is filled with food, gatherings and traditions. Passover, or Pesach in Hebrew, commemorates the slavery of the Israelites in Egypt and their ultimate exodus to freedom. This story of redemption from slavery is the anchor narrative of the Jewish People. It is core to their faith and lifestyle. With family and friends, some like to imbibe in something intoxicating. There is kosher wine, so you might wonder, is marijuana at Passover kosher?
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Being kosher for food means it adheres to the dietary laws of the Jewish faith. Meats and dairy must adhere to a strict set of rules. Preparation has clear guidelines to ensure the faith’s laws and intentions are maintained. For all commercial products, this is usually a letter of kosher certification from a Rabbinic agency which designates the item as kosher. The letter of certification will indicate the pareve or dairy status of the product as well.
Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky, widely considered the leading living ultra-Orthodox halachic authority, ruled marijuana is kosher for Passover and can be either eaten or smoked over the eight-day Jewish festival. Which means gummies (possible animal gelatin) and edibles (dairy) must be kosher certified to be considered. Flower and vapes are plants and in preparation do not touch either so they are good to consume.
Smart product companies will have the label on the package if you want gummies or edibles. Wana Brands product are kosher and have been certified by Whole Kosher Services, a company based in Houston.
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About 8 years ago, as Israel become a leader in cannabis innovation, Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky ruled t marijuana is, in fact, kosher. Allowing it to be consumed over the celebration of Passover for medicinal purposes. For some, being with family for eight days is enough to give anxiety, which medical marijuana is a way to ease the tension and make for a more relaxed holiday.
Summer is around the corner and already people in swimsuits are populating Insta, TicTok and more. Time to shake off the pale skin and start working on a tan while working to get rid of the holiday pounds. Winter helps you gain and not in a good way. The lack of sunlight in winter supports weight gain by keeping more fats in the body. Dark nights coupled with unfriendly weather can make you feel more fatigued and reduce activity. The average addition is five to seven pounds. But the good news is marijuana can help.
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You might think what? Doesn’t marijuana make you have the muchies and make you lazy? Well, the “old school” thought is still around, but science is starting to say something else. A bit of a gummy or other marijuana before a workout can boost motivation and make exercise more enjoyable. If you are a casual, it can be a benefit. If performance is the goal, it may be best to skip. That’s the takeaway of the first ever study from the University of Colorado Boulder.
Another study published in the American Journal of Medicine, marijuana users are less likely than non-users to develop metabolic syndrome, which is a significant risk factor for obesity, type II diabetes, and heart disease. Among young adults, cannabis consumers are 54 percent less likely than non-consumers to present with metabolic syndrome. Past marijuana use is associated with lower odds of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged adults. And seniors who medicate with cannabis tend to be slimmer and less insulin-resistant than seniors who just say no.
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The munchies imagine is real, it is a scientifically proven phenomenon. But just like cannabis can give you the munchies, certain marijuana can be the anti-munchies. THC is a CB1 “agonist” that turns on the appetite receptor and causes it to signal. An “antagonist” will block the receptor and prevent it from signaling. Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), a minor but medically significant component of the cannabis plant, is a neutral CB1 receptor antagonist. Scientists have also synthesized “inverse agonists” that can activate a cannabinoid receptor and cause it to signal in the opposite manner from how it functions naturally. A CB1 inverse agonist will curb appetite and reduce food intake by binding to CB1 receptors, whereas THC boosts appetite and food intake by binding to CB1.
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And lastly, people have figured out marijuana is less fattening than alcohol. As the realization has taken effect, beer sales have dropped as people have reduce there suds intake for a gummy or vape – especially in the beginning of the week.
It can be frightening when suddenly your face becomes paralyzed. You freak out – but can medical marijuana help?
It is has been in the news and can be frightening, especially since it hits about 1 in 70 people. From a cure point of view, what is even more scary is the cause of it is unknown. It is thought to be due to swelling (inflammation) of the facial nerve in the area where it travels through the bones of the skull. Incidence peaks for people in the 40s, but is prevalent most in those under 10 and over 65. There isn’t a cure and recovery doesn’t start until about 2 weeks and can take up to 6 months to fully recover. What about Bell’s palsy and marijuana – can it help, does it hurt?
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The illness usually comes on quickly and a key indicators is a mild weakness to total paralysis on one side of the face — occurring within hours to days. This includes a facial droop with trouble making facial expressions, such as closing an eye or smiling. Pain around the jaw or ear on the side affected, drooling, loss of taste and a headache are other symptoms. Seeking medical help as quickly as possible is key. A key treatment is an oral steroid or an antiviral medicine. Taken quickly upon onset improves the chave of a full recovery.
Research has shown marijuana does not cause or lead to Bell’s palsy. Those with diabetes are more likely to have it. Also, it seems there is a link to some viruses (shingles, mono, rubella, and mumps among them) which can induce the illness.
Research is still be done on the disease in general and very little has been done regarding if medical cannabis’s benefit’s can help with symptoms. Inflammation stands as the primary culprit behind Bell’s palsy symptoms and THC/CBD is anti-inflammatory. While this can be promising, studies need to be done regarding dosage and more. Additionally, cannabinoids and terpenes found in the cannabis plant promote improved nervous system health. So there are building blocks to help, but so far no hard data.
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Bell’s palsy is often marked by discomfort in various areas, such as the head, jaw, and behind the ear. Cannabis is well-suited for addressing this because it helps the body in pain management and timely reduction of pain signals. Always work with a health professional in regards to using medical marijuana for a treatment.
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