The US Supreme Court ruled unanimously Thursday that cannabis users can legally own firearms under the Second Amendment.

The ruling stems from United States v. Hemani, in which prosecutors pursued criminal charges against Texas man Ali Hemani, who admitted to regularly using cannabis while in possession of a firearm.

In their reasoning, the justices cited a 2022 Supreme Court ruling that requires gun restrictions to be “consistent with this nation’s historic tradition of regulating firearms.”

National Rifle Association (NRA) and National Organization for Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML) submitted amicus briefs for the case earlier this year.

Joseph A. Bondy, chairman of the board for NORML and the organization’s co-counsel on its amicus brief, called the decision “a measured but important vindication of personal liberty and constitutional principle.”

“The Court accepted what NORML sought: that responsible adults not lose their Second Amendment rights simply because they consume cannabis, absent any individualized showing of dangerousness. Our Constitution protects people, not stereotypes, and does not allow the government to turn cannabis use alone into a categorical mark of civic worthlessness.” – Bondy, in a statement

A New York appeals court last week struck down a preliminary injunction that banned raids on unlicensed cannabis stores and licensed hemp sellers across the state. Times Union reports. The Third Appellate Division rejected the stores’ claims that the warrantless searches were unconstitutional.

The lawsuit, filed by several hemp businesses in state Supreme Court in 2024, alleges that the Office of Cannabis Management and the Cannabis Control Board (CCB) violated the rights of store owners by protecting against unreasonable search and seizure. In January 2025, a judge agreed and granted a preliminary injunction to stop the raids.

The appeals court found that Superior Court Judge Thomas Marcelle erred in his decision to grant the order, that state regulators had properly defined how the state would conduct inspections and that regulations required vendors to consent to the inspections. The appeals court said those regulations included certain restrictions — such as conducting searches only during business hours — and that penalties were only administrative in nature, not criminal.

“The Cannabis Act and its implementing regulations, when considered together, adequately define how inspections are conducted. An otherwise lawful administrative search is not held unconstitutional simply because the police participate in the search or because the search reveals evidence of criminal activity.” — Decision of the Third Appellate Division via Times Union

The ruling also noted that the retailers did not exhaust all possible administrative appeals processes before filing suit.

Hemp shop raids began in 2023 after the CCB introduced new restrictions on the hemp products that could be sold in the state, targeting many products that were already available.